Naked DNA in cells: An inducer of major histocompatibility complex molecules to evoke autoimmune responses?

Table 1 Inappropriate expression of major histocompatibility complex molecules in autoimmune disorders

Disease	Cells with aberrant expression of MHC molecules
Insulin-dependent diabetes	Pancreatic beta cells[1]
Grave's disease	Thyroid epithelial cells[54]
Rheumatic carditis	Valvular fibroblasts[55]
Primary biliary cirrhosis	Bile duct epithelial cells[56]
Sjögren's syndrome	Salivary acinar and ductal epithelial cells[57]
Acute lymphoproliferative disorders	Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells[58]
Asthma1	Bronchial epithelial cells[59]
Dilated cardiomyopathy1	Endothelial and endocardial cells[60]
Tubulointerstitial nephritis1	Renal tubular epithelial cells[61]
Biliary atresia1	Intrahepatic bile ducts[62]

¹A role of autoimmunity is suggested in the pathology of the indicated diseases. MHC: Major histocompatibility complex.