“Diabegon”, a safe and effective polyherbal therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Table 1 Effect of 6 mo polyherbal therapy on hyperglycemia

Biochemicalparameter	Variations at 3 monthly intervals following polyherbal therapy
	0 d	3 mo	6 mo	Mean change
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)	159.54 ± 7.74	130.08 ± 6.58b	131.02 ± 3.63b	(↓ 17.8%)
Postprandial glucose (mg/dL)	248.30 ± 11.82	196.48 ± 11.23b	183.54 ± 10.54b	(↓ 26.0%)
HbA1c (%)	7.22 ± 0.14	6.65 ± 0.14b	6.41 ± 0.11b	(↓ 11.2%)

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM;

^bP < 0.001 compared to 0^th d levels.

Table 2 Effect of 6 mo polyherbal therapy on lipidemia

Biochemicalparameter	Variations at 3 monthly intervals following polyherbal therapy
	0 d	3 mo	6 mo	Meanchange
Total cholestero (mg/dL)	162.08 ± 6.00	144.84 ± 5.20b	146.8 ± 4.70a	(↓ 9.4%)
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	140.81 ± 6.88	126.74 ± 6.88	122.3 ± 4.50a	(↓ 13.1%)
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	34.38 ± 1.37	35.28 ± 1.04	37.9 ± 1.20a	(↑ 9.8%)
LDL cholesterol	99.33 ± 5.61	84.21 ± 5.21b	81.98 ± 4.84a	(↓ 17.4%)
VLDL (mg/dL)	28.16 ± 1.37	25.35 ± 1.37	23.71 ± 1.13a	(↓ 15.8%)

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM;

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.001 compared to 0^th d levels. HDL: High density lipoprotein; LDL: Low density lipoprotein; VLDL: Very low density lipoprotein.

Table 3 Effect of 6 mo polyherbal therapy on biomarkers of oxidative stress

Biochemicalparameter	Variations at 3 monthly intervals following polyherbal therapy
	0 d	3 mo	6 mo	Mean change
GSH (mg/mL)	2.29 ± 0.26	2.74 ± 0.14	3.03 ± 0.12a	(↑ 32.3%)
SOD (μmol/L· min-1 per milligram protein)	0.47 ± 0.07	0.58 ± 0.03	0.74 ± 0.04a	(↑ 57.4%)
Catalase (μmol/L· min-1 per milligram protein)	4.19 ± 0.37	4.70 ± 0.27	6.07 ± 0.23b	(↑ 44.8%)
TBARS (n moles of MDA/mL of blood)	486.62 ± 29.82	455.11 ± 21.81a	442.26 ± 21.44a	(↓ 9.1%)

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM;

^aP < 0.05 compared to 0^th d levels. GSH: Glutathione; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; TBARS: Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; MDA: Malondialdehyde.

Table 4 Effect of 6 mo polyherbal therapy on biochemical markers of kidney function

Biochemicalparameter	Variations at 3 monthly intervals following polyherbal therapy
	0 d	3 mo	6 mo	Mean change
Urea (mg/dL)	26.31 ± 0.97	26.45 ± 0.90	25.48 ± 0.87	(↓ 3.1%)
Uric acid (mg/dL)	5.35 ± 0.21	5.36 ± 0.16	4.80 ± 0.97a	(↓ 10.2%)
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.78 ± 0.04	0.76 ± 0.02	0.60 ± 0.02b	(↓ 23.0%)

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM;

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.001 compared to 0^th d levels.

Table 5 Effect of 6 mo polyherbal therapy on biochemical markers of liver function

Biochemicalparameter	Variations at 3 monthly intervals following polyherbal therapy
	0 d	3 mo	6 mo	Meanchange
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.98 ± 0.05	0.91 ± 0.06	0.97 ± 0.04	(↓ 1.0%)
SGOT (IU/L)	24.00 ± 3.04	21.70 ± 2.04a	21.49 ± 1.67a	(↓ 10.4%)
SGPT (IU/L)	25.33 ± 3.27	22.70 ± 2.24a	21.83 ± 1.64a	(↓ 13.8%)

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM;

^aP < 0.05 compared to 0^th d levels. SGOT: Serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase; SGPT: serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase.

Table 6 Effect of 6 mo polyherbal therapy on blood pressure and anthropometry

	Variations at 3 monthly intervals following polyherbal therapy
	0 d	3 mo	6 mo	Meanchange
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	130.40 ± 2.27	125.15 ± 2.09a	126.12 ± 2.41a	(↓ 3.2%)
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	81.06 ± 1.14	78.97 ± 1.23	77.90 ± 1.35	(↓ 3.8%)
Body mass index (kg/m2)	25.75 ± 0.57	25.19 ± 0.56b	24.85 ± 0.50b	(↓ 3.4%)

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM;

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.001 compared to 0^th d levels.

Table 7 Effect of 6 mo polyherbal therapy on glycosuria and proteinuria

Parameter	Variations at 3 monthly intervals following polyherbal therapy
	0 d	3 mo	6 mo	Meanchange
Urinary sugar (gm/dL)	0.74 ± 0.10	0.34 ± 0.06b	0.27 ± 0.06b	(↓ 63.5%)
Urinary protein (mg/dL)	63.33 ± 16.68	43.63 ± 15.15	25.45 ± 6.50a	(↓ 59.8%)

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM;

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.001 compared to 0^th d levels.