Oral alkali therapy and the management of metabolic acidosis of chronic kidney disease: A narrative literature review

Table 1 Summary of evidence

RCT	Participants (n)	Intervention and aim	eGFR (mL/min per 1.73 m2) baseline	Serum HCO3 (mmol/L) at baseline	Duration (months)	Rate of Decline of eGFR (mL/min per 1.73 m2)
De brito-ashurst et al[7]	Total: 134	Oral sodium bicarbonate tablets to maintain serum HCO3 > 23 mmol/L	15-29	16-20	24	HCO3 group: 1.88
	Intervention: 62					Non treated group: 5.93
Mahajan et al[20]	Total: 120	Oral sodium bicarbonate tablets	60-89	26	60	HCO3 group: 1.47 per year
	Intervention: 30					Non treated group: 2.05 per year
Goraya et al[26]	Total: 71	Oral sodium bicarbonate and F and V	15-29	< 22	12	HCO3 and F and V groups: Preservation of eGFR
	Intervention: 30
Goraya et al[27]	Total : 108	Oral sodium bicarbonate and F and V	30-59	22-24	36	Non treated group: 13.8 over 3 yr
	Intervention: 72					HCO3: 5.4 over 3 yr
						F and V: 5.4 over 3 yr
Disthabanchong et al[24]	Total: 41	Oral sodium bicarbonate to maintain serum bicarbonate > 24 mmol/L	< 35	< 22	2-3	HCO3 group: Preservation of eGFR
	Intervention: 21					Non treated group: 1.3

RCT: Randomised control trials; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; F and V: Fruits and Vegetables