Exercise-induced albuminuria and circadian blood pressure abnormalities in type 2 diabetes

Table 1 Comparison between non albuminuric patients at rest and albuminuric patients at rest

Variables	Normoalb0	Microalb0	P value
Frequencies	19	8	/
Age	52 (40-56)	48 (34-56)	0.56
BMI (kg/m²)	25.4 (23.1-28.5)	26.1 (24-31.6)	0.62
Waist circumference	92 (87-96)	93 (84-97)	0.99
SBP (mmHg)	122 (112-133)	137 (122-142)	0.68
DBP (mmHg)	77 (73-87)	89 (79-99)	0.04
HbA1c (%)	6.6 (5.9-7.0)	6.2 (6-7)	0.99
eGFR (mL/min)	93 (77-104)	89 (70-104)	0.52
ACR at rest	13.5 (8.6-21.9)	75.3 (46-94.1)	0.0001
Exercise induced ACR	29.2 (20.5-33.3)	92.3 (56.3-128.7)	0.0001

ACR: Albumin to creatinin ratio; BMI: Body mass index; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; Normoalb0: Patients without microalbuminuria at rest; Microalb0: Patients with microalbuminuria at rest.

Table 2 Comparison non-albuminuric patients after exercise and exercise induced albuminuric patients

Variables	Normoalb30	Microalb30	P value
Frequencies	11	16	/
Diurnal SBP	117 (112-133)	132 (125-136)	0.71
Nocturnal SBP	110 (98-125)	128 (122-138)	0.03
24 h SBP	116 (109-131)	132 (124-136)	0.05
Diurnal DBP	78 (76-85)	85 (80-92)	0.19
Nocturnal DBP	66 (59-82)	83 (74-89)	0.044
24 h DBP	76 (72-84)	85 (78-89)	0.11
Diurnal MAP	93 (89-107)	107 (102-112)	0.05
Nocturnal MAP	83 (77-102)	106 (99-110)	0.02
24 h MAP	89 (85-105)	108 (99-112)	0.03

DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; MAP: Mean arterial blood pressure; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; Normoalb30: Patients without microalbuminuria after 30 min of exercise; Microalb30: Patients with microalbuminuria after 30 min of exercise.

Table 3 Comparison between albuminuric patients at rest and exercise-induced albuminuric patients

Variables	Microalb0	Microalb30	P value
Frequencies	8	8
Diurnal SBP	131 (126-136)	132 (125-136)	0.95
Nocturnal SBP	130 (126-138)	128 (122-138)	0.38
24 h SBP	133 (126-135)	132 (124-136)	0.60
Diurnal DBP	85 (83-93)	85 (80-92)	0.22
Nocturnal DBP	86 (80-92)	83 (74-89)	0.03
24 h DBP	86 (83-93)	85 (78-89)	0.11
Diurnal MAP	107 (104-111)	107 (102-112)	0.77
Nocturnal MAP	107 (102-112)	106 (99-110)	0.14
24 h MAP	107 (104-110)	108 (99-112)	0.68

MAP: Mean arterial blood pressure; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; Microalb0: Patients with microalbuminuria at rest; Microalb30: Patients with microalbuminuria only after 30 min of exercise.