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©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Nephrol. Jul 25, 2021; 10(4): 59-75
Published online Jul 25, 2021. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v10.i4.59
Published online Jul 25, 2021. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v10.i4.59
Table 1 Study characteristics
| Ref. | Country | Study type | n | Subject | Age, yr | Male, % | AUC for mortality (95%CI) | Follow-up |
| Dara et al[19], 2004 | United States | Retrospective | 476 | HD patients | 66 | 58 | APACHE III on hospital mortality 0.76 (0.66-0.84) and 30-d mortality 0.78 (0.68-0.86); SOFA score on hospital mortality 0.65 (0.55-0.75) and 30-d mortality 0.66 (0.55-0.76) | - |
| Miskulin et al[20], 2004 | United States | Prospective | 1779 | Outpatient dialysis patients | 62 | 53 | ICED 0.72 (0.69-0.75); CCI 0.67 (0.65-0.70); Wright- Khan indices 0.68 (0.65-0.70); Davies indices 0.68 (0.65-0.70) | 1 yr |
| Wang et al[21], 2007 | Hong Kong | Prospective | 238 | ESRD on continuous PD | 55.7 | 51.3 | cTnT 0.774 (0.706-0.841); High sensitivity CRP 0.691 (0.614-0.768 | 3 yr |
| Sun et al[22], 2008 | China | Prospective | 217 | HD patients | 65.4 | 62.2 | BNP on CV events 0.61 (0.57-0.70); NT-proBNP on CV events 0.83 (0.75-0.91) | 2 yr |
| Selim et al[23], 2010 | Macedonia | Prospective | 125 | HD patients | 48.8 | - | BNP > 1200 pg/mL on CV mortality 0.612 (0.473-0.750); NT-proBNP > 10000 pg/mL on CV mortality 0.747 (0.677-0.816) | 2 yr |
| Breidthardt et al[24], 2011 | Switzerland | Retrospective | 113 | HD patients | 67.9 | 60 | BNP: all-cause mortality 0.70 (0.60-0.81); BNP: CV mortality 0.82 (0.73-0.90) | 735 d |
| Tomaszuk-Kazberuk et al[25], 2011 | Poland | Prospective | 39 | HD patients | 59 | 63.8 | Perfusion defects on MCE for death 0.752 (0.582-0.878) | 3 yr |
| Chiang et al[26], 2016 | Taiwan | Prospective | 132 | ESRD patients on PD | 53.7 | 47.0 | Short-term detrended fluctuation analysis (DFAα1) < 0.95-0.761 (0.617-0.905) | 34 mo |
| Sato et al[27], 2017 | Japan | Retrospective | 302 | HD patients | 63.4 | 65.4 | Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio for 1-yr mortality 0.791 (0.602-0.980) | 1 yr |
| Wang et al[28], 2018 | China | Prospective | 300 | CKD 3-5 | 60 | 53.6 | UPCR for mortality 0.78 (0.72-0.84); eGFR for mortality 0.75 (0.69-0.81); Mitral E/E’ ratio for mortality 0.74 (0.67-0.80); LV mass index for mortality 0.72 (0.65-0.79); LVEF for mortality 0.50 (0.42-0.58) | 68 mo |
| Wlazeł et al[29], 2018 | Poland | Prospective | 64 | HD patients | 66 | 66 | SuPAR 0.84 (0.7-0.94) | 3 yr |
| Danial et al[30], 2019 | Malaysia | Retrospective | 160 | CKD 3-5 with adverse drug reaction | - | 57.5 | Mortality risk score model 0.789 (0.700-0.878) | Few weeks (until end date of ADRs) |
| Jagadeswaran et al[31], 2019 | India | Prospective | 129 | Pre-dialysis CKD 3-5 | 50.6 | 51.2 | Malnutrition inflammation score for mortality 0.709 (0.604-0.815) | 36 mo |
| Mukai et al[32], 2019 | Sweden | Prospective | 261 | CKD 5 (both dialysis and non-dialysis) | 56 | 66 | Skin autofluorescence for all-cause mortality 0.78 (0.71-0.86); Augmentation index for all-cause mortality 0.81 (0.75-0.87) | 25 mo |
| Pladys et al[33], 2020 | France | Retrospective | 9052 | ESRD on dialysis | 68.4 | - | Rennes score model 1(REIN and SNDS data) 0.789 (0.761–0.816); Model 2 (REIN data only) 0.794 (0.768-0.821); Wright classification 0.631 (0.621-0.639); Modified CCI 0.703 (0.689-0.716) | 1 yr |
| Shahidi et al[34], 2020 | Iran | Retrospective | 824 | HD patients | 57.9 | 61.8 | Hemoglobin change on mortality 0.61 (0.56-0.65) | 24.08 mo |
| Gan et al[35], 2021 | Australia | Prospective | 243 | CKD 3-4 | 65.6 | 62.6 | Left atrial reservoir strain for CV death 0.84 (0.76-0.90) | 3.9 yr |
| Rroji et al[36], 2021 | Albania | Prospective | 125 | ESRD on dialysis | 52.4 | 60.0 | CRP on CV mortality 0.80 (0.73-0.92); Left ventricular mass index on CV mortality 0.76 (0.65-0.88); Ratio of early mitral inflow velocity/annular diastolic velocity (E/E’) on CV mortality 0.75 (0.64-0.86); Systolic pulmonary artery pressure on CV mortality 0.80 (0.68-0.92); Pulse pressure on CV mortality 0.72 (0.60-0.84) | 2 yr |
Table 2 Predictive factors for mortality in chronic kidney disease patients
| AUC range | Interpretation | Predictive factors (AUC) | Subjects | Ref. |
| ≥ 0.90 | Outstanding | - | - | - |
| 0.80-0.89 | Excellent | NT-proBNP (0.83) | HD | Sun et al[22] |
| BNP (0.82) | HD | Breidthardt et al[24] | ||
| SuPAR (0.84) | HD | Wlazeł et al[29] | ||
| Augmentation index (0.81) | ND, HD, PD | Mukai et al[32] | ||
| Left atrial reservoir strain (0.84) | ND | Gan et al[35] | ||
| CRP (0.80) | HD, PD | Rroji et al[36] | ||
| Systolic PAP (0.80) | HD, PD | Rroji et al[36] | ||
| 0.70-0.79 | Acceptable | APACHE III (0.76) | HD | Dara et al[19] |
| ICED (0.72) | HD, PD | Miskulin et al[20] | ||
| cTnT (0.77) | PD | Wang et al[21], | ||
| NT-proBNP > 10000 pg/mL (0.75) | HD | Sun et al[22] | ||
| MCE perfusion defect (0.75) | HD | Tomaszuk-Kazberuk et al[25] | ||
| DFA1 < 0.95 (0.76) | PD | Chiang et al[26] | ||
| Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (0.79) | HD | Sato et al[27] | ||
| UPCR (0.78) | ND | Wang et al[28] | ||
| eGFR (0.75) | ND | Wang et al[28] | ||
| Mitral E/E’ ratio (0.74, 0.75) | ND, HD, PD | Wang et al[28] and Rroji et al[36] | ||
| LV mass index (0.72, 0.76) | ND, HD, PD | Wang et al[28] and Rroji et al[36] | ||
| Mortality risk score (0.79) | ND | Danial et al[30] | ||
| Malnutrition inflammation score (0.71) | ND | Jagadeswaran et al[31] | ||
| Skin autofluorescence (0.78) | ND, HD, PD | Mukai et al[32] | ||
| Rennes score (0.79) | HD, PD | Pladys et al[33] | ||
| Modified CCI (0.70) | HD, PD | Pladys et al[33] | ||
| Pulse pressure (0.72) | HD, PD | Rroji et al[36] |
- Citation: Hansrivijit P, Chen YJ, Lnu K, Trongtorsak A, Puthenpura MM, Thongprayoon C, Bathini T, Mao MA, Cheungpasitporn W. Prediction of mortality among patients with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review. World J Nephrol 2021; 10(4): 59-75
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-6124/full/v10/i4/59.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5527/wjn.v10.i4.59