Inflammation and nutrition in children with chronic kidney disease

Figure 1 The prevalence of indicators of protein-energy wasting used to form the three definitions. PEW: Protein energy wasting; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; CRP: C-reactive protein.

Figure 2 Schematic representation of the causes and manifestations of the protein-energy wasting syndrome in chronic kidney disease. CKD: Chronic kidney disease; GH: Growth hormone; IGF: Insulin-like growth factor; PTH: Parathyroid hormone; BMI: Body mass index; PEW: Protein-energy wasting; CRP: C-reactive protein.

Figure 3 The relative risk of death and confidence intervals for body mass index standard deviation score among children with stage 5 chronic kidney disease. BMI: Body mass index; SDS: Standard deviation score.