Primary focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis and soluble factor urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor

Figure 1 Differences in urokinase-type plasminogen activator, urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor and soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (modified from reference number 18). D_I: Domain 1; D_II: Domain 2; D_III: Domain 3. uPA: Urokinase-type plasminogen activator; suPAR: Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor.

Figure 2 Potential pharmacological strategies in primary acquired focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis. Potential strategies. 1: Inhibition of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) or other permeability factors secretion onto circulation or a decrease in the pool of suPAR secreting cells (immunosuppression); 2: suPAR or other permeability factors removal from the circulation (plasmapheresis, immunoadsorption); 3: Inhibition of uPAR activation; 4: Plasmin antagonists 5: Stabilization of podocyte and slit diaphragm proteins (immunosuppression, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers); 6: Endothelial protectors; 7: Plasmin-integrin coupling inhibitors (monoclonal antibodies, amiloride); 8: Plasmin-tubular ENa+C inhibitors (amiloride). GBM: Glomerular basement membrane.