Minireviews
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Virol. Nov 25, 2021; 10(6): 312-325
Published online Nov 25, 2021. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v10.i6.312
Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
Ref.LocationType of malignancy includedDuration of studyTotal No. of pts with HM includedMatched COVID-19 controlNo. of lymphoma ptsNo. of NHL ptsNo. of HL ptsMortality rate attributed to COVID-19 (Global)Mortality rate attributed to COVID-19 (Lymphoma)Mortality rate attributed to COVID-19 (NHL)Mortality rate attributed to COVID-19 (HL)
Cancer studies including lymphoma pts
Rüthrich et al[36], 2020EuropeAll5 mo43526367671596/435 (22%)20/76 (26%)NRNR
Lee et al[12], 2020UKAll1 mo104428287879NRNR319/1044 (31%)25/79 (31%)NRNR
Tian et al[50], 2020ChinaAll9 wk23251966046/232 (20%)2/6 (33%)2/6 (33%)NR
HM studies including lymphoma pts
Aries et al[34], 2020UKHM2 mo35No88014/35 (40%)NRNR/
Biernat et al[51], 2020PolandHM1 mo10No3307/10 (70%)NRNR/
Booth et al[52], 2020UKHM2 mo66No1515034/66 (52%)6/15 (40%)6/15 (40%)/
Cattaneo et al[42], 2021ItalyHM1 mo1021014240240/102 (39%)17/42 (40%)16/40 (40%)1/2 (50%)
Fox et al[53], 2020UKHM1 mo55No1717019/55 (35%)7/17 (41%)7/17 (41%)/
Garcìa-Suàrez et al[54], 2020SpainHM8 wk697No22018733230/697 (33%)68/220 (31%)59/187 (32%)9/33 (27%)
Infante et al[55], 2020SpainHM1 mo41No1514115/41 (37%)NRNRNR
Lattenist et al[56], 2021BelgiumHM2 mo12No2206/12 (50%)2/2 (100%)2/2 (100%)/
Malard et al[57], 2020FranceHM1 mo25No77010/25 (40%)0/7 (0%)0/7 (0%)/
Martín-Moro et al[33], 2020SpainHM5 wk34No65111/34 (32%)0/6 (0%)0/5 (0%)0/1 (0%)
Mehta et al[32], 2020USAHM3 wk54No2015520/54 (37%)8/20 (40%)5/15 (33%)3/5 (60%)
Passamonti et al[37], 2020ItalyHM12 wk536No17015317198/536 (37%)65/170 (38%)62/153 (40%)3/17 (18%)
Sanchez-Pina et al[58], 2020SpainHM1 mo395312NRNR14/39 (36%)2/12 (14%)NRNR
van Doesum et al[59], 2020EuropeHM9 wk59No17152NRNRNRNR
Yigenoglu et al[29], 2021TurkeyHM15 wk74018889725022327103/740 (14%)28/250 (11%)24/223 (11%)4/27 (14%)
Wood et al[35], 2020WorldwideHM3 mo250No79681170/250 (28%)20/79 (25%)16/68 (24%)4/11 (36%)
Lymphoma studies
Regalado-Artamendi et al[40], 2021SpainLymphoma12 wk177No177158961/177 (29%)61/177 (29%)NRNR
Lamure et al[39], 2020FranceLymphoma8 wk89No8984530/85 (34%)30/85 (35%)29/84 (34%)1/5 (20%)
Laurenge et al[60], 2021FrancePCNSL2 mo13No1313/3/13 (23%)3/13 (23%)3/13 (23%)
COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; HM: Hematologic malignancy; HL: Hodgkin lymphoma; NHL: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma; NR: Not reported; PCNSL: Primary central nervous system lymphoma; pts: Patients; UK: United Kingdom; USA: United States of America.
Table 2 Prognostic factors associated with survival in lymphoma series
Ref.Details on study cohortUnivariate analysis for predictors of deathMultivariate analysis for predictors of death
Regalado-Artamendi et al[40], 2021Lymphoma patientsAge ≥ 70 yrAge ≥ 70 yr
ComorbiditiesComorbidities
CURB65 ≥ 3CURB ≥ 2
Low platelet countActive disease
Low hemoglobin level
High D-dimer
C-reactive protein >10 mg/dL
LDH > 300 U/L
Active disease1 (reference to CR)
DLBCL histology (reference to FL)
High-risk lymphoma2 (reference to low risk)
Lamure et al[39], 2020Hospitalized lymphoma patientsAge ≥ 70 yrAge ≥ 70 yr
HypertensionActive disease
Previous cancer
Bendamustine treatment
Active disease
1Partial response or progression.
2High risk according to prognostic index at diagnosis. CR: Complete response; CURB65: Confusion, urea concentration, respiratory rate, blood pressure and age > 65; DLBCL: Diffuse large B cell lymphoma; FL: Follicular lymphoma; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase.
Table 3 Case reports and case series of coronavirus disease 2019 infection in lymphoma patients
Ref.No. of patients describedSexAgeDetails on lymphoma diagnosisDetails on lymphoma treatmentOutcome of COVID-19 infectionGlobal outcome
Li et al[61], 20201M26 yrPMLBCLR-DA-EPOCHRecoveredAlive
Tepasse et al[62], 20202M65 yrDLBCL with CNS relapseR-DeVICNot recoveredDead
M66 yrMCL in CRRituximab maintenanceNot recoveredDead
O'Kelly et al[63], 20201cHL second relapsePembrolizumabRecoveredAlive
Baang et al[64], 20211M60 yrRelapsed/Refractory MCL R-CHOPRecoveredAlive
Moore et al[65], 20201F63 yrNHLObinotuzumab maintenanceRecoveredAlive
Alsuliman et al[66], 20202M71 yrMCL relapsedIbrutinibRecoveredAlive
MNRMCL relapsedIbrutinibRecoveredAlive
Hoffmann et al[67], 20213F68 yrDLBCL, FLR-CHOPRecoveredAlive
M60 yrDLBCL, FLR-ICENot recoveredDead
M75 yrDLBCLR-CHOPNot recoveredDead
Yonal-hindilerden et al[68], 20211F55 yrRelapsed/Refractory cHLBrentuximabNot recoveredDead
Fujii et al[69], 20211M43 yrcHLA + AVD RecoveredAlive
Kamel, 20211M58 yrALCLNoneNot recoveredDead
Santana et al[70], 20211F47 yrFLRituximab maintenanceRecoveredAlive
Velier et al[71], 20211F61 yrWMNoneRecoveredDead
Pelcovits et al[72], 20211M43 yrHigh Grade B Cell Lymphoma, NOSR-CODOX-M/IVACRecoveredAlive
Otsuka et al[73], 20201M56 yrMCLR-hyper CVAD/MANot recoveredDead
A + AVD: Brentuximab vedotin, dacarbazine, doxorubicin, vinblastine; ALCL: Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma; cHL: Classic Hodgkin lymphoma; CNS: Cerebral nervous system; COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; CR: Complete remission; DLBCL: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; F: Female; FL: Follicular lymphoma; M: Male; MCL: Mantle cell lymphoma; NHL: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma; NOS: Not otherwise specified; PMLBCL: Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma; R-CHOP: Rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone; R-CODOX-M/IVAC: Rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin and methotrexate alternating with ifosfamide, etoposide and cytarabine; R-DA-EPOCH: Dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and rituximab; R-DeVIC: Rituximab, dexamethasone, etoposide, ifosfamide carboplatin; R-hyper CVAD/MA: Rituximab/cyclophosphamide/vincristine sulfate/doxorubicin and hydrochloride/dexamethasone/methotrexate/cytarabine; R-ICE: Rituximab, ifosfamide, carboplatin and etoposide; WM: Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia.