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©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Transplant. Dec 24, 2016; 6(4): 743-750
Published online Dec 24, 2016. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v6.i4.743
Published online Dec 24, 2016. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v6.i4.743
Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the adult recipients of a first liver transplant in England who survived the first two years after transplantation
Characteristic | Value | Missing (n) |
Number | 3772 | |
Age (yr) | 52 (42-59) | 0 |
Sex (%) | 0 | |
Male | 2214 (58.7) | |
Female | 1558 (41.3) | |
Primary liver disease (%) | 0 | |
Cancer | 525 (13.9) | |
Acute hepatic failure | 455 (12.1) | |
Hepatitis C cirrhosis | 392 (10.4) | |
Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 354 (9.4) | |
Hepatitis B cirrhosis | 98 (2.6) | |
Primary biliary cirrhosis | 507 (13.4) | |
Alcoholic cirrhosis | 753 (20.0) | |
Autoimmune and cryptogenic cirrhosis | 348 (9.2) | |
Metabolic liver disease | 107 (2.8) | |
Other liver disease | 233 (6.2) | |
Comorbidities (%) | ||
Cardiovascular disease | 200 (5.3) | 0 |
Congestive cardiac failure | 82 (2.2) | 0 |
Connective tissue disease | 134 (3.6) | 0 |
Dementia | 159 (4.2) | 0 |
Diabetes mellitus | 784 (20.8) | 0 |
Non-hepatic malignancy | 40 (1.1) | 0 |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 344 (9.1) | 0 |
Chronic renal disease | 247 (6.6) | 0 |
Era of liver transplantation (%) | 0 | |
April 1997 - September 2000 | 841 (22.3) | |
October 2000 - September 2003 | 899 (23.8) | |
October 2003 - September 2006 | 897 (23.8) | |
October 2006 - March 2010 | 1135 (30.1) | |
Bilirubin (µmol/L) | 54 (27-124) | 20 |
Creatinine (µmol/L) | 89 (74-109) | 2 |
INR | 1.4 (1.2-1.8) | 162 |
Sodium (mmol/L) | 137 (134-140) | 8 |
UKELD score | 55 (51-59) | 184 |
Table 2 Unadjusted transplant length of stay and length of stay in later admissions in the first two years after liver transplantation regarding primary liver disease and comorbidities
Variable | n (%) | Unadjusted TLOS | Unadjusted LLOS | ||||
(d) | 95%CI | P-value | (d) | 95%CI | P-value | ||
Overall average | 3772 | 25 | 24-26 | N/A | 24 | 23-26 | N/A |
Primary liver disease groups | |||||||
Cancer | 525 (13.9) | 22 | 20-24 | < 0.001 | 22 | 18-25 | < 0.001 |
Acute hepatic failure | 455 (12.1) | 33 | 32-35 | 26 | 22-30 | ||
Hepatitis C cirrhosis | 392 (10.4) | 27 | 25-29 | 26 | 22-30 | ||
Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 354 (9.4) | 23 | 20-25 | 27 | 23-31 | ||
Hepatitis B cirrhosis | 98 (2.6) | 22 | 18-26 | 21 | 13-29 | ||
Primary biliary cirrhosis | 507 (13.4) | 21 | 20-23 | 20 | 16-23 | ||
Alcoholic cirrhosis | 753 (20.0) | 24 | 23-26 | 22 | 19-25 | ||
Autoimmune and cryptogenic | 348 (9.2) | 22 | 20-24 | 23 | 18-27 | ||
Metabolic liver disease | 107 (2.8) | 26 | 22-30 | 29 | 21-37 | ||
Other liver disease | 233 (6.2) | 28 | 26-31 | 37 | 32-42 | ||
Comorbidities | |||||||
Cardiovascular disease | 200 (5.3) | 33 | 28-39 | < 0.001 | 31 | 24-38 | 0.02 |
Congestive cardiac failure | 82 (2.2) | 32 | 24-39 | 0.003 | 18 | 13-24 | 0.18 |
Connective tissue disease | 134 (3.6) | 22 | 20-25 | 0.13 | 25 | 18-32 | 0.91 |
Dementia | 159 (4.2) | 25 | 21-28 | 0.87 | 26 | 21-32 | 0.54 |
Diabetes mellitus | 784 (20.8) | 24 | 23-26 | 0.42 | 26 | 23-29 | 0.18 |
Non-hepatic malignancy | 40 (1.1) | 23 | 17-29 | 0.65 | 24 | 10-37 | 0.91 |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 344 (9.1) | 27 | 25-30 | 0.04 | 28 | 24-33 | 0.06 |
Chronic renal disease | 247 (6.6) | 27 | 23-30 | 0.17 | 32 | 25-38 | 0.003 |
Table 3 Multivariable linear regression analysis for transplant length of stay and later length of stay in the first two years after liver transplantation
Variable value | Coefficient for TLOS | Coefficient for LLOS | ||||
(d) | 95%CI | P-value | (d) | 95%CI | P-value | |
Primary liver disease groups1 | ||||||
Cancer | 0 | Reference | < 0.001 | 0 | Reference | < 0.001 |
Acute hepatic failure | 6.1 | 2.8, 9.4 | 4 | -3.3, 11.3 | ||
Hepatitis C cirrhosis | 3.9 | 1.3, 6.4 | 5.4 | -0.1, 10.9 | ||
Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 0.2 | -2.5, 3.0 | 8.4 | 2.6, 14.3 | ||
Hepatitis B cirrhosis | 1.9 | -2.3, 6.1 | 1 | -7.9, 9.9 | ||
Primary biliary cirrhosis | -0.5 | -3.2, 2.1 | 0.2 | -5.6, 5.9 | ||
Alcoholic cirrhosis | 0.6 | -1.6, 2.8 | 0.6 | -4.1, 5.4 | ||
Autoimmune and cryptogenic | 0.1 | -2.6, 2.9 | 1.4 | -4.4, 7.2 | ||
Metabolic liver disease | 4.3 | 0.3, 8.4 | 7.1 | -1.5, 15.7 | ||
Other liver disease | 5.9 | 2.8, 9.1 | 14.8 | 8.1, 21.5 | ||
Comorbidities2 | ||||||
Cardiovascular disease | 8.5 | 5.7, 11.3 | < 0.001 | 6 | 0.2, 11.9 | 0.04 |
Congestive cardiac failure | 7.6 | 3.4, 11.8 | < 0.001 | -5 | -14.0, 3.9 | 0.27 |
Connective tissue disease | -1.4 | -4.8, 2.0 | 0.42 | 2.3 | -4.9, 9.5 | 0.54 |
Dementia | 0.2 | -2.9, 3.4 | 0.87 | 3.6 | -3.1, 10.4 | 0.29 |
Diabetes mellitus | 1 | -0.6, 2.6 | 0.22 | 2.6 | -0.8, 6.0 | 0.13 |
Non-hepatic malignancy | -0.7 | -6.7, 5.3 | 0.82 | -0.5 | -13.2, 12.2 | 0.94 |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 1.6 | -0.5, 3.8 | 0.14 | 4.3 | -0.2, 8.9 | 0.06 |
Chronic renal disease | 1 | -1.6, 3.5 | 0.47 | 4.8 | -0.7, 10.3 | 0.09 |
Table 4 Sensitivity analysis of the multivariable linear regression for transplant length of stay including patients who died within the first two years after liver transplantation (4490 patients)
Variable | Coefficient for TLOS | ||
(d) | 95%CI | P-value | |
Primary liver disease groups1 | |||
Cancer | 0.0 | Reference | 0.001 |
Acute hepatic failure | 3.7 | 0.2, 7.2 | |
Hepatitis C cirrhosis | 3.3 | 0.6, 6.1 | |
Primary sclerosing cholangitis | -0.3 | -3.2, 2.7 | |
Hepatitis B cirrhosis | 0.6 | -4.0, 5.2 | |
Primary biliary cirrhosis | -1.5 | -4.4, 1.4 | |
Alcoholic cirrhosis | 1.1 | -1.3, 3.5 | |
Autoimmune and cryptogenic | 0.5 | -2.5, 3.4 | |
Metabolic liver disease | 3.3 | -0.9, 7.6 | |
Other liver disease | 5.9 | 2.5, 9.2 | |
Comorbidities2 | |||
Cardiovascular disease | 8.7 | 5.8, 11.5 | < 0.001 |
Congestive cardiac failure | 7.7 | 3.6, 11.8 | < 0.001 |
Connective tissue disease | -0.3 | -4.0, 3.3 | 0.86 |
Dementia | 1.1 | -2.4, 4.6 | 0.54 |
Diabetes mellitus | 1.1 | -0.6, 2.8 | 0.21 |
Non-hepatic malignancy | 0.9 | -4.6, 6.3 | 0.76 |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 1.2 | -1.1, 3.5 | 0.3 |
Chronic renal disease | 1.7 | -1.0, 4.4 | 0.22 |
- Citation: Tovikkai C, Charman SC, Praseedom RK, Gimson AE, van der Meulen J. Time spent in hospital after liver transplantation: Effects of primary liver disease and comorbidity. World J Transplant 2016; 6(4): 743-750
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3230/full/v6/i4/743.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5500/wjt.v6.i4.743