Impact of steroid maintenance on the outcomes in first-time deceased donor kidney transplant recipients: Analysis by induction type

Table 1 Demographic features

	r-ATG		Alemtuzumab		IL-2 receptor blocker
	Steroid	No steroid	Steroid	No steroid	Steroid	No steroid
	(n = 13001)	(n = 4862)	(n = 852)	(n = 2176)	(n = 15008)	(n = 1318)
Donor age (yr)	39 ± 17	39 ± 17	41 ± 18	40 ± 17	37 ± 17	37 ± 17
Donor gender (M/F) (%)	59/41	60/40	61/39	58/42	60/40	60/40
Donor death from CVA (%)	43	40b	41	43	40	36b
ECD kidney (%)	19	19	26	22b	15	16
DCD kidney (%)	9.8	8.9	14.1	10.9a	5.3	6.7a
Recipient age (yr)	52 ± 13	53 ± 13d	52 ± 13	53 ± 12	52 ± 13	54 ± 15d
Recipient gender (M/F) (%)	57/53	63/37d	56/44	60/40a	63/37	64/36
African American race (%)	37	26d	33	33	26	20d
Diabetes (%)	34	20d	31	38b	34	34
Pre-txp dialysis (%)	91	88b	88	88	91	87d
Dialysis duration (mo)	48 ± 35	43 ± 36d	47 ± 37	50 ± 34	43 ± 33	41 ± 32
Peak PRA (%)	18 ± 31	10 ± 22d	19 ± 31	14 ± 27d	9 ± 22	8 ± 20
HLA mismatches	3.9 ± 1.8	3.8 ± 1.8a	3.9 ± 1.8	3.7 ± 1.7b	3.6 ± 1.9	3.5 ± 2.0
Cold ischemia (h)	18.3 ± 8.2	18.5 ± 8.8	20.8 ± 8.7	20.5 ± 9.2	17.8 ± 7.9	17.4 ± 8.5
Delayed graft function (%)	28.9	19.5d	29.1	21.2d	20.2	16.5
Discharged on tacrolimus (%)	81	79b	70	98d	67	78d

^aP < 0.05;

^bP < 0.01;

^dP < 0.001, all comparisons are steroid vs no steroid groups. CVA: Cerebro vascular accident; DCD: Donation after cardiac death; ECD: Expanded criteria donor; HLA: Human leukocyte antigen; PRA: Panel reactive antibody; r-ATG: Rabbit antithymocyte globulin; IL-2: Interleukin-2; M: Male; F: Female.

Table 2 Cause of death in rabbit antithymocyte globulin induced patients

Cause of death	CSM group	ESW group	P-value
	n = 13001 (%)	n = 4862 (%)
Cardiovascular	410 (3.2)	97 (2.0)	< 0.0001
Infections	313 (2.4)	42 (0.9)	< 0.0001
Malignancy	148 (1.1)	55 (1.1)	0.97
Other causes	916 (7)	206 (4.2)	< 0.0001

CSM: Chronic steroid maintenance; ESW: Early steroid withdrawal.