Evolution of liver transplantation in the metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease era: Tracking impact through time

Table 1 Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease patient's characteristics and outcomes

Ref.	Population	Outcome	MASLD patient characteristics
Kennedy et al[20]	904 patients: NASH 129, Non-NASH 775	No difference in overall survival rate at 1, 3 and 5 years, but at 4 months was twice high in NASH	Older, white, higher BMI, higher MELD score, higher rate of HTN-DM, dyslipidemia, CKD, CAD, CVD
Danford et al[21]	955 patients: NASH 74, Non-NASH 881	No difference in overall survival rate at 5 years	Older, female, higher rate of HTN, DM, CVD, BMI, less rate of HCC
Piazza et al[22]	143 patients: NASH 78, ALD 65	No difference in cardiovascular events in 1 and 3 years	Older, female higher rate of HTN, DM, BMI
Kern et al[23]	513 patients: NASH 65, ALD 183, HCV 116, Others 149	No difference overall survival between groups at 1, 3 and 5 years. Higher postoperative complications in NASH	Older, high MELD and BMI, higher incidence of advance HCC
O’Neill et al[24]	279 patients: NAFLD 84, ALD 195	No difference in patient survival rate at 1, 3, 5 and 10 years and in graft survival	Older, higher BMI
Van Herck et al[5]	232 patients: NAFLD 112, HCV 120	No difference in overall survival rate at 1, 3, 5 and 10 years. Higher total cardiovascular morbidity in NAFLD patients	Older, higher MELD score, higher rate DM, dyslipidemia, HTN, metabolic syndrome, and BMI
Sourianarayanane et al[25]	185 patients: NASH 77, ALD 108	No difference in overall survival rate at 1 year	Older, female, less liver rejection episodes
Malik et al[26]	686 patients: NASH 98, ALD 196, HCV 196, PBC/PSC 196	Higher early mortality (30 days and 1 year). No difference in overall survival at 5 years	Older, female, higher BMI, DM, HTN
Reddy et al[27]	214 patients: NASH 52, HCV/ALD 162	No difference in overall survival rate at 90 days	Older, female, higher BMI and metabolic syndrome, lower MELD score
Kwong et al[28]	1023 patients: NASH 207, viral hepatitis 395, ALD 198. Autoimmune or cholestatic disease 110. Unspecified/other 113	No difference in overall survival rate at 1 and 3 years	Older, female, higher MELD scores, higher rate of DM, HTN, dyslipidemia, CAD, and CKD, less rate of HCC
Holzner et al[29]	635 patients: NASH-HCC 51 Non-NASH HCC 584	No difference in overall survival rate at 1, 3 and 5 years	Older, higher MELD score
Bhagat et al[30]	154 patients: NASH 71, ALD 83	No difference in overall survival rate at 1, 3, and 5 years	Higher rate of HTN, DM, dyslipidemia, BMI
Vanwagner et al[31]	242 patients: NASH 115, ALD 127	No difference in overall survival rate at 1, 3, and 5 years	Older, females, higher rate of HTN, dyslipidemia, BMI
Castelló et al[35]	54 patients: NASH 18, ALD 36	No difference in overall survival rate at 1, 3, and 5 years	Higher rate of DM, BMI, higher rate of HCC, less MELD score
Houlihan et al[36]	96 patients: NASH 48, Non-NASH 48	No difference in overall survival rate at 1 and 5 years. NASH group progress in higher rates to relevant kidney disease within 2 years	High rate of HTN, DM, and BMI
Unger et al[33]	27 patients: NASH 15, Cryptogenic 12	No difference in overall survival rate at 5 years	Older, higher BMI
Rajendran et al[17]	20672 patients: NASH-HCC 2071, Non-NASH HCC 18601	No difference in overall survival rate at 1, 3 and 5 years	Older, higher BMI and MELD score
Verna et al[34]	4981 patients: NAFLD 538, Non-NAFLD 4443	No difference in overall survival rate at 1, 3 and 5 years	Older, females higher rate of DM, higher BMI, and MELD score
Ferrarese et al[16]	1491 patients: NASH 179, Non-NASH 1312	No difference in overall survival rate at 1, 3 and 5 years	Older, higher BMI

MASLD: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; BMI: Body mass index; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; HTN: Hypertension; DM: Diabetes mellitus type 2; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; CAD: Coronary artery disease; CVD: Cardiovascular disease; ALD: Alcohol-associated liver disease; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; PBC: Primary biliary cholangitis; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Table 2 Recurrence or de novo steatosis post liver transplant

Ref.	Population	Recurrence/de novo steatosis
Tokodai et al[47]	95 patients: NASH 27, ALD 68	Recurrence 41% in NASH patients
O’Neill et al[24]	279 patients: NAFLD 84, ALD 195	Recurrence 20% in NAFLD patients
Van Herck et al[5]	232 patients: NAFLD 112, HCV 120	Recurrence 429% in NAFLD patients (mean at 3 years): -12.8% at 1 year, -23.7% at 3 years, -43.5% at 5 years
Sourianarayanane et al[25]	185 patients: NASH 77, ALD 108	Recurrence 546% at 1 year in NASH patients
Bhagat et al[30]	154 patients: NASH 71, ALD 83	Recurrence in 33% after 6 months in NASH patients
Castelló et al[35]	54 patients: NASH 18, ALD 36	Recurrence in 20% in NASH patients at 1 year and 30% at 3 years
Unger et al[33]	27 patients: NASH 15, Cryptogenic 12	Recurrence in 20% after 6 months in NASH patients

NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; ALD: Alcohol-associated liver disease; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; LT: Liver transplant.