Influence of different second generation antipsychotics on the QTc interval: A pragmatic study

Table 1 Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics n (%)

Characteristics	Risperidone (n = 43)	Olanzapine (n = 42)	Quetiapine (n = 42)	Ziprasidone (n = 46)	All patients (n =173)
Gender
Male	34 (79.1)	28 (66.7)	29 (69.0)	29 (63.0)	120 (69.4)
Antipsychotic naïve	17 (40.5)	15 (35.7)	21 (50.0)	20 (44.4)	73 (42.7)
Alcohol last 6 mo
None/no misuse	10 (23.3)	7 (16.7)	7 (16.7)	10 (21.7)	34 19.7)
Dependency	2 (4.7)	4 (9.5)	6 (14.3)	0 (0.0)	12 (6.9)
Drugs last 6 mo
None	26 (60.5)	31 (73.8)	30 (71.4)	32 (69.6)	119 (68.8)
Misuse	10 (23.3)	6 (14.3)	7 (16.7)	7 (15.2)	30 (17.3)
Diagnosis1	n (39)	n (42)	n (41)	n (44)	n (166)
Schz and rel.	22 (56.4)	25 (59.5)	25 (61.0)	22 (50.0)	94 (56.6)
Acute	4 (10.3)	4 (9.5)	2 (4.9)	4 (9.1)	14 (8.4)
Drug-induced	6 (15.4)	6 (14.3)	5 (12.2)	5 (11.4)	22 (13.3)
Affective	4 10.3)	4 (9.5)	6 (14.6)	5 (11.4)	19 (11.4)
Rest	3 (7.7)	3 (7.1)	3 (7.3)	8 (18.2)	17 (10.2)
Age mean (SD)	34.5 (15.6)	32.3 (11.2)	37.2 (14.8)	32.4 (13.5)	34.1 (13.9)
QTc admittance mean (SD)	422.1 (39.7)	420.9 (33.5)	421.1 (25.1)	420.4 (22.0)	421.1 (30.4)
PANSS total mean (SD)	73.4 (14.0)	76.0 (14.3)	73.6 (14.0)	70.8 (12.4)	73.4 (13.7)
PANSS positive mean (SD)	18.6 (4.9)	21.3 (4.6)	20.0 (3.6)	18.8 (3.9)	19.7 (7.5)
PANSS negative mean (SD)	20.8 (8.1)	18.3 (7.3)	19.2 (7.1)	18.4 (7.4)	19.2 (7.5)
PANSS general mean (SD)	34.0 (6.5)	36.4 (6.6)	34.4 (7.6)	33.6 (6.3)	34.6 (6.8)
CDSS mean (SD)	6.8 (4.9)	6.3 (4.9)	6.4 (4.9)	7.8 (6.4)	6.9 (5.3)
GAF-F mean (SD)	30.8 (5.9)	30.1 (6.0)	30.6 (7.2)	32.2 (5.0)	30.9 (6.0)
CGI mean (SD)	5.2 (0.6)	5.3 (0.7)	5.1 (0.7)	5.0 (0.6)	5.2 (0.6)

¹Patients with missing diagnoses are not included in the list. n: Number of patients with ECG at baseline and or ECG at discharge; SD: Standard deviation; Antipsychotic naïve: No life-time exposure to antipsychotic drugs before index admission; First admission: Index admission was the first admission to a mental hospital; Misuse: Misuse or Dependence according to Drake et al[13]; Schz and rel.: Schizophrenia and related disorders: Schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorder, acute polymorphic psychotic disorder with symptoms of schizophrenia, acute schizophrenia-like psychotic disorder, delusional disorder; Acute: Acute psychosis other than those categorized under Schz and rel.; Affective: Affective psychosis; Rest: Miscellaneous psychotic disorders; All diagnoses are according to ICD-10; PANSS: The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; CDSS: The Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia; GAF-F: The Global Assessment of Functioning, split version, Functions scale; CGI: The Clinical Global Impression, severity of illness scale.