Audit study of the new hospitalization for assessment scheme for forensic mental health in Japan

Table 1 Items on the questionnaires in the 2013 survey

Facility questionnaire	Case questionnaire
Facility organizer	Article number
Number of beds	Gender1
Psychiatric beds	Age1
Other types of beds	Family members
Number of staffs	Marital history
Psychiatrists	Occupational history
Psychiatric nurses	Therapeutic history
Occupational therapists	Issued offense1
Psychiatric social workers	The victim
Psychotherapists	The owner of the damaged property (if applicable)
Public health nurses	Psychiatric testimonies1
Number of the accepted HfA cases1	Preceding Decision by the prosecutor or the court1
	Psychiatric diagnosis1
	Dual diagnosis (if applicable)
	Physical complications (if applicable)
	Treatment during HfA
	Medication
	Psychotropic drug injections1
	Long-acting injections1
	Electro-convulsive therapy1
	Seclusion and restraint1
	Belonging of the examiner psychiatrist1
	Verdict of the District Court panel1

¹Collected also in the 2007 survey.

Table 2 Characteristics of facilities in the 2013 survey

Item	Options	n
Organization	National, prefectural, or semi-official	46
	Private sector	88
Number of beds1	Psychiatric beds	284 ± 136
Other types of beds	Equipped	27
	Unequipped	107
Number of staffs1	Psychiatrist	10.4 ± 5.9
	Designated Physician	7.4 ± 3.9
	Judgment Physician	1.9 ± 2.0
	Psychiatric nurse	113.1 ± 51.3
	Occupational therapist	8.0 ± 5.1
	Psychiatric social worker	8.3 ± 5.5
	Candidate of Mental Health Advisor	0.6 ± 1.0
	Psychotherapist	3.8 ± 3.2
Experience of accepting HfA case	Yes	69
	No	64
	Unknown	1

¹Data expressed as mean ± SD. HfA: Hospitalization for assessment.

Table 3 Comparison between the datasets obtained in 2007 and 2013

Year		2007	2013	P value
n		284	171
Gender	Male	196	123	0.981
	Female	76	48
Mean age		43.2 ± 13.9	46.6 ± 16.4	0.0272
Psychiatric testimony	No	223	112	0.0041
	Yes	61	59
Psychiatric diagnosis	F0	17	18	NA
(ICD-10)	F1	15	13
	F2	204	111
	F3	29	14
	F4	4	1
	F5	1	0
	F6	3	2
	F7	10	9
	F8	1	2
	F9	0	0
Injection	No	251	166	0.0061
	Yes	33	5
Depot	No	278	170	0.263
	Yes	6	1
Electroconvulsive therapy	No	282	171	0.533
	Yes	2	0
Seclusion	No	57	32	0.81
	Yes	194	116
	mean term (d)	37.1 ± 26.5	32.2 ± 27.1	0.122
Restraint	No	269	148	0.831
	Yes	15	10
Examiner Psychiatrist belongs to the hospital where the patient was hospitalized	No	59	20	0.0021
	Yes	221	142
Verdict	Hospitalization	137	120	< 0.0011
	Community treatment	57	12
	No-treatment	44	57
	Rejected or withdrawn	7	6

¹χ² test;

²Unpaired t-test (data shown by mean ± SD);

³Fischer’s exact test. NA: Not available.