Effects of serum inflammatory factors, health index and disease activity scores on ankylosing spondylitis patients with sleep disorder

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of ankylosing spondylitis patients with sleep disorders, n (%)

Parameters	Desirable prognosis group (n = 52)	Undesirable prognosis group (n = 54)	t	P value
Age (yr)	44.13 ± 5.67	45.28 ± 6.54	0.962	0.338
Sex (male/female)	35/17	38/16	0.017	0.896
Disease duration (yr)	8.81 ± 2.34	9.17 ± 3.12	0.67	0.504
Body mass index (kg/m2)	26.45 ± 3.57	27.89 ± 4.21	1.897	0.061
Smoking status	7 (13.46)	11 (20.37)	0.474	0.491
Alcohol consumption	10 (19.23)	14 (25.93)	0.35	0.554
Family history of cancer	12 (23.08)	11 (20.37)	0.01	0.919
Hypertension	25 (48.08)	21 (38.89)	0.575	0.448
Diabetes	14 (26.92)	18 (33.33)	0.257	0.612
Hyperlipidemia	23 (44.23)	20 (37.04)	0.309	0.578

Table 2 Sleep quality in the desirable and undesirable prognosis groups

Parameters	Desirable prognosis group (n = 52)	Undesirable prognosis group (n = 54)	t	P value
Pittsburgh sleep quality index	6.82 ± 1.68	7.49 ± 1.98	1.887	0.062
Epworth sleepiness scale	8.67 ± 1.42	9.28 ± 2.15	1.739	0.085
Insomnia severity index	8.81 ± 2.03	9.46 ± 3.19	1.247	0.216
Sleep efficiency (%)	85.46 ± 4.72	84.28 ± 5.64	1.162	0.248
Total sleep time (h)	6.89 ± 1.32	6.48 ± 1.14	1.729	0.087

Table 3 Comparison of serum inflammatory factors between the desirable and undesirable prognosis groups

Parameters	Desirable prognosis group (n = 52)	Undesirable prognosis group (n = 54)	t	P value
CRP (mg/L)	6.17 ± 2.34	7.52 ± 3.21	2.482	0.015
ESR (mm/h)	16.56 ± 3.78	18.32 ± 4.91	2.076	0.04
TNF-α (pg/mL)	45.21 ± 9.33	50.79 ± 12.54	2.605	0.011
IL-6 (pg/mL)	28.14 ± 6.75	32.79 ± 8.21	3.195	0.002
IL-1β (pg/mL)	12.45 ± 3.88	14.67 ± 4.21	2.82	0.006

CRP: C-reactive protein; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; TNF-α: Tumour necrosis factor-alpha; IL: Interleukin.

Table 4 Comparison of disease activity scores between the desirable and undesirable prognosis groups

Parameters	Desirable prognosis group (n = 52)	Undesirable prognosis group (n = 54)	t	P value
BASDAI	3.21 ± 0.87	4.67 ± 1.45	6.304	P < 0.001
BASFI	2.98 ± 0.75	3.72 ± 1.02	4.267	P < 0.001
BASMI	2.34 ± 0.65	3.78 ± 0.98	8.957	P < 0.001
ASDAS-CRP	2.56 ± 0.68	3.28 ± 1.21	3.771	P < 0.001
ASDAS-ESR	2.78 ± 0.72	4.21 ± 1.14	7.776	P < 0.001

BASDAI: Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index; BASFI: Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index; BASMI: Bath ankylosing spondylitis metrology index; ASDAS: Ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score; CRP: C-reactive protein; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

Table 5 Health index in the desirable and undesirable prognosis groups

Parameters	Desirable prognosis group (n = 52)	Undesirable prognosis group (n = 54)	t	P value
Physical functioning	62.78 ± 8.52	58.92 ± 9.74	2.175	0.032
Role-physical	48.73 ± 12.45	43.62 ± 11 .39	2.203	0.03
Bodily pain	55.88 ± 9.76	54.13 ± 8.92	0.967	0.336
General health	60.94 ± 10.27	56.33 ± 11.68	2.161	0.033
Vitality	54.17 ± 7.94	49.78 ± 9.63	2.565	0.012

Table 6 Correlation analysis of serum inflammatory factors, health index and disease activity scores in patients with as complicated by sleep disorders

Parameters	r	R2	P value
CRP	0.235	0.055	0.015
ESR	0.199	0.039	0.041
TNF-α	0.246	0.061	0.011
IL-6	0.298	0.089	0.002
IL-1β	0.266	0.071	0.006
BASDAI	0.522	0.273	P < 0.001
BASFI	0.384	0.148	P < 0.001
BASMI	0.657	0.432	P < 0.001
ASDAS-CRP	0.344	0.118	P < 0.001
ASDAS-ESR	0.603	0.364	P < 0.001
Physical functioning	-0.208	0.043	0.032
Role-physical	-0.211	0.045	0.03
Bodily pain	-0.095	0.009	0.335
General health	-0.207	0.043	0.033
Vitality	-0.243	0.059	0.012

BASDAI: Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index; BASFI: Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index; BASMI: Bath ankylosing spondylitis metrology index; ASDAS: Ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score; CRP: C-reactive protein; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; TNF-α: Tumour necrosis factor-alpha; IL: Interleukin.

Table 7 Logistic regression analysis of serum inflammatory factors, health index and disease activity scores in patients with ankylosing spondylitis complicated by sleep disorders

Parameters	Coefficient	Odds ratio	B	β	P value
CRP (mg/L)	0.174	1.19	2.353	0.174	0.019
ESR (mm/h)	0.094	1.098	1.999	0.094	0.046
TNF-α (pg/mL)	0.046	1.047	2.47	0.046	0.014
IL-6 (pg/mL)	0.084	1.087	2.938	0.084	0.003
IL-1β (pg/mL)	0.138	1.148	2.638	0.138	0.008
BASDAI	0.992	2.698	4.708	0.992	P < 0.001
BASFI	0.924	2.518	3.687	0.924	P < 0.001
BASMI	2.219	9.2	5.303	2.219	P < 0.001
ASDAS-CRP	0.749	2.115	3.343	0.749	P < 0.001
ASDAS-ESR	1.591	4.907	5.054	1.591	P < 0.001
Physical functioning	0.047	0.954	2.098	-0.047	0.036
Role-physical	0.037	0.964	2.132	-0.037	0.033
Bodily pain	0.021	0.98	0.969	-0.021	0.333
General health	0.038	0.962	2.093	-0.038	0.036
Vitality	0.057	0.945	2.441	-0.057	0.015

BASDAI: Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index; BASFI: Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index; BASMI: Bath ankylosing spondylitis metrology index; ASDAS: Ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score; CRP: C-reactive protein; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; TNF-α: Tumour necrosis factor-alpha; IL: Interleukin.