Serum neuronal pentraxin 2 is related to cognitive dysfunction and electroencephalogram slow wave/fast wave frequency ratio in epilepsy

Table 1 Baseline data for epilepsy patients with different cognitive function and healthy volunteers

Variable	Control (n = 30)	Epilepsy		P value
		Normal (n = 74)	ECD (n = 37)	P1	P2
Age (yr, mean ± SD)	33.93 ± 9.39	35.27 ± 9.73	34.68 ± 9.50	0.523	0.760
Gender, n (%)
Male	17	48 (64.86)	20 (54.05)	0.434	0.270
Female	13	26 (35.14)	17 (45.95)
Education level, n (%)
Junior/senior high school	19	46 (62.16)	20 (54.05)	0.911	0.412
University or above	11	28 (27.84)	17 (45.95)
Epilepsy onset age (yr, mean ± SD)	–	26.15 ± 7.41	25.62 ± 10.52	–	0.760
Epilepsy duration (yr, mean ± SD)	–	9.12 ± 5.60	9.05 ± 4.10		0.948
Epilepsy type, n (%)
Focal	–	20 (27.03)	9 (24.32)	–	0.760
Overall	–	54 (72.97)	28 (75.68)
Types of epilepsy drugs, n (%)
0–1	–	57 (77.03)	26 (70.27)	–	0.440
2–3	–	17 (22.97)	11 (29.73)
Epilepsy treatment protocol, n (%)
VPN	–	39 (52.70)	19 (51.35)	–	0.890
No-VPN	–	35 (47.30)	18 (48.65)

¹Control group vs. epilepsy (normal) group.

²Epilepsy (normal) group vs. epilepsy patients with cognitive dysfunction group.

ECD: Epilepsy patients with cognitive dysfunction; VPN: Valproate.

Table 2 Comparison of electroencephalogram slow wave/fast wave frequency ratio for different brain regions of epilepsy patients with different cognitive function (mean ± SD)

Area of ECG	Epilepsy		t	P
	Normal (n = 74)	ECD (n = 37)
Frontal region	0.54 ± 0.20	0.65 ± 0.20	2.781	0.006
Central region	0.45 ± 0.18	0.53 ± 0.16	2.441	0.016
Top region	0.39 ± 0.21	0.45 ± 0.16	1.461	0.147
Temporal region	0.39 ± 0.17	0.62 ± 0.13	7.127	< 0.001
Occipital region	0.28 ± 0.13	0.34 ± 0.19	1.827	0.070

ECD: Epilepsy patients with cognitive dysfunction; ECG: Electrocardiogram.