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©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Psychiatry. Mar 19, 2022; 12(3): 494-504
Published online Mar 19, 2022. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i3.494
Published online Mar 19, 2022. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i3.494
Table 1 General features of 4471 adolescents, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China, 2020
| Features | Total (n = 4471) | SH (n = 1795) | Non-SH (n = 2676) | Test statistic | P value |
| Demographics | |||||
| Age (X bar ± S) | 13.01 (0.40) | 13.42 (0.34) | 12.73 (0.43) | -11.991 | 0.01 |
| Sex, n, (%): Boys | 2184 (48.8) | 824 (45.9) | 1360 (50.8) | 3.172 | 0.09 |
| Ethnicity, n, (%) | 0.372 | 0.67 | |||
| Han | 1242 (27.8) | 504 (28.1) | 738 (27.6) | ||
| Yi | 1788 (40.0) | 693 (38.6) | 1095 (40.9) | ||
| Others | 1441 (32.2) | 598 (33.3) | 843 (31.5) | ||
| Grade, n, (%) | 32.242 | 0.01 | |||
| Primary school | 1472 (32.9) | 374 (20.8) | 1098 (41.0) | ||
| Junior high school | 2442 (54.6) | 1157 (64.5) | 1285 (48.0) | ||
| Senior high school | 557 (12.5) | 264 (14.7) | 293 (10.9) | ||
| Mental health | |||||
| Depression, n, (%): Yes (PHQ9 ≥ 10) | 501 (11.2) | 411 (22.9) | 90 (3.4) | 176.272 | 0.01 |
| Anxiety, n, (%): Yes (GAD7 ≥ 7) | 778 (17.4) | 570 (31.8) | 208 (7.8) | 244.432 | 0.01 |
| Personality traits | |||||
| EPQ-E, n, (%) | 3.543 | 0.01 | |||
| Typical extroversion: Score E > 61.5 | 1024 (22.9) | 357 (19.9) | 667 (24.9) | ||
| Extroversion: 56.7 < score E ≤ 61.5 | 740 (16.6) | 270 (15.0) | 470 (17.6) | ||
| Intermediate: 43.3 < score E ≤ 56.7 | 1825 (40.8) | 763 (42.5) | 1062 (39.7) | ||
| Introversion: 38.5 < score E ≤ 43.3 | 419 (9.4) | 191 (10.6) | 228 (8.5) | ||
| Typical introversion: score E ≤ 38.5 | 463 (10.4) | 214 (11.9) | 249 (9.3) | ||
| EPQ-N, n, (%) | -18.103 | 0.01 | |||
| Typical neuroticism: Score N > 61.5 | 646 (14.4) | 510 (28.4) | 136 (5.1) | ||
| Neuroticism: 56.7 < score N ≤ 61.5 | 323 (7.2) | 197 (11.0) | 126 (4.7) | ||
| Intermediate: 43.3 < score N ≤ 56.7 | 1227 (27.4) | 574 (32.0) | 653 (24.4) | ||
| Non-neuroticism: 38.5 < score N ≤ 43.3 N ≤ 43.3 | 552 (12.3) | 189 (10.5) | 363 (13.6) | ||
| Typical non-neuroticism: Score N ≤ 38.5 NN ≤ 38.5 | 1723 (38.5) | 325 (18.1) | 1398 (52.2) | ||
| EPQ-P, n, (%) | -11.023 | 0.01 | |||
| Typical psychoticism: score P > 61.5 | 422 (9.4) | 289 (16.1) | 133 (5.0) | ||
| Psychoticism: 56.7 < score P ≤ 61.5 | 518 (11.6) | 308 (17.2) | 210 (7.8) | ||
| Intermediate: 43.3 < score P ≤ 56.7 | 2335 (52.2) | 967 (53.9) | 1368 (51.1) | ||
| Non-psychoticism: 38.5 < score P ≤ 43.3 | 1026 (22.9) | 211 (11.8) | 815 (30.5) | ||
| Typical non-psychoticism: Score P ≤ 38.5 | 170 (3.8) | 20 (1.1) | 150 (5.6) | ||
| Resilience (Median, IQR) | |||||
| Combined score | 89 (19) | 84 (16) | 93 (20) | -15.983 | 0.01 |
| Goal concentration | 17 (6) | 16 (6) | 18 (6) | -11.173 | 0.01 |
| Emotion regulation | 20 (7) | 18 (7) | 21 (6) | -13.263 | 0.01 |
| Positive perception | 14 (5) | 13 (5) | 14 (5) | -2.683 | 0.02 |
| Family support | 21 (6) | 19 (5) | 22 (5) | -10.273 | 0.01 |
| Interpersonal assistance | 20 (6) | 18 (6) | 21 (6) | -10.933 | 0.01 |
Table 2 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression fitting results for associated factors of self-harm
| Variable | Univariate model; Crude OR (90%CI) | Multivariate model 1; Adjusted OR (95%CI) | Multivariate model 2; Adjusted OR (95%CI) | Multivariate model 3; Adjusted OR (95%CI) |
| Age: +1 yr | 1.20 (1.14-1.27) | 1.00 (0.93-1.08) | 1.03 (0.95-1.11) | 1.01 (0.94-1.09) |
| Sex (Ref: Boys): Girls | 1.22 (1.01-1.46) | 0.98 (0.75-1.28) | 1.09 (0.89-1.34) | 0.98 (0.76-1.27) |
| Grade (Ref: Primary school) | ||||
| Junior high school | 2.64 (2.11-3.31) | 1.81 (1.23-2.67) | 2.18 (1.49-3.19) | 1.82 (1.24-2.69) |
| Senior high school | 2.65 (2.01-3.48) | 1.43 (0.89-2.30) | 2.12 (1.29-3.49) | 1.51 (0.93-2.46) |
| Depression (Ref: PHQ9 < 10): PHQ9 ≥ 10 | 8.53 (6.29-11.59) | 2.21 (1.49-3.27) | 3.30 (2.56-4.82) | 2.18 (1.47-3.23) |
| Anxiety (Ref: GAD7 < 7): GAD7 ≥ 7 | 5.52 (4.55-6.69) | 1.43 (1.14-1.78) | 2.28 (1.84-2.83) | 1.37 (1.10-1.70) |
| Personality traits | ||||
| EPQ-E (Ref: Typical extroversion, score E > 61.5) | ||||
| Extroversion (56.7 < score E ≤ 61.5) | 1.07 (0.94-1.22) | 1.10 (0.90-1.34) | 1.05 (0.85-1.29) | |
| Intermediate (43.3 < score E ≤ 56.7) | 1.34 (1.16-1.55) | 1.29 (1.06-1.57) | 1.13 (0.92-1.40) | |
| Introversion (38.5 < score E ≤ 43.3) | 1.57 (1.26-1.95) | 1.50 (1.17-1.91) | 1.21 (0.94-1.54) | |
| Typical introversion (score E ≤ 38.5) | 1.61 (1.26-2.04) | 1.90 (1.41-2.56) | 1.46 (1.14-1.87) | |
| EPQ-N (Ref: Typical neuroticism, score N > 61.5) | ||||
| Neuroticism (56.7 < score N ≤ 61.5) | 0.42 (0.33-0.52) | 0.63 (0.45-0.88) | 0.64 (0.45-0.91) | |
| Intermediate (43.3 < score N ≤ 56.7) | 0.23 (0.20-0.27) | 0.45 (0.34-0.60) | 0.50 (0.37-0.67) | |
| Non-neuroticism (38.5 < score N ≤ 43.3) | 0.14 (0.11-0.18) | 0.31 (0.21-0.46) | 0.36 (0.24-0.54) | |
| Typical non-neuroticism (score N ≤ 38.5) | 0.06 (0.05-0.08) | 0.16 (0.11-0.22) | 0.19 (0.13-0.26) | |
| EPQ-P (Ref: Typical psychoticism, score P > 61.5) | ||||
| Psychoticism (56.7 < score P ≤ 61.5) | 0.67 (0.51-0.90) | 0.83 (0.61-1.13) | 0.86 (0.62-1.19) | |
| Intermediate (43.3 < score P ≤ 56.7) | 0.33 (0.24-0.44) | 0.66 (0.47-0.93) | 0.73 (0.51-1.03) | |
| Non-psychoticism (38.5 < score P ≤ 43.3) | 0.12 (0.09-0.17) | 0.36 (0.26-0.50) | 0.42 (0.30-0.58) | |
| Typical non-psychoticism (score P ≤ 38.5) | 0.06 (0.04-0.09) | 0.25 (0.14-0.42) | 0.29 (0.17-0.51) | |
| Resilience (Ref: RSCA < 89): RSCA ≥ 89 | 0.32 (0.27-0.36) | 0.42 (0.36-0.50) | 0.63 (0.52-0.77) |
- Citation: Jiao XY, Xu CZ, Chen Y, Peng QL, Ran HL, Che YS, Fang D, Peng JW, Chen L, Wang SF, Xiao YY. Personality traits and self-harm behaviors among Chinese children and adolescents: The mediating effect of psychological resilience. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12(3): 494-504
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v12/i3/494.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v12.i3.494