Comprehensive bibliometric analysis of transcranial magnetic stimulation-based depression treatment from 2003 to 2022: Research hotspots and trends

Figure 1 Flowchart of the study. TMS: Transcranial magnetic stimulation; TBS: Theta burst stimulation; MDD: Major depressive disorder; TRD: Treatment-resistant depression.

Figure 2 Analysis of the number and trend of publications on transcranial magnetic stimulation-based depression treatment, from 2003 to 2022. A: Annual number of papers in the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-based depression treatment field, published from 2003 to 2022, obtained from Web of Science data; B: The ratio of basic and clinical research articles on TMS-based depression treatment published from 2003 to 2022; C: The publication counts and growth patterns of the leading 10 countries/regions in the TMS-based depression treatment field; D: Total citations from 702 articles retrieved across various countries. The ten countries with the most citations are shown.

Figure 3 Map of national/regional and institutional cooperation networks in the transcranial magnetic stimulation-based depression treatment field. A: Collaborations among 39 countries/regions in the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-based depression treatment research field; B: Collaborative network mapping of institutions engaged in TMS-based depression treatment research field. The institutions with the highest productivity are presented.

Figure 4 Collaborative network of authors in the transcranial magnetic stimulation-based depression treatment field. The 28 authors who have the most publications (number of publications ≥ 10) are shown.

Figure 5 Analysis of the reference co-citation network in publications on transcranial magnetic stimulation-based depression treatment from 2003 to 2022. A: A co-citation map generated by CiteSpace illustrates 12940 references related to research on transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-based depression treatment. The top ten most cited publications are presented along with the year of publication and the first author; B: Top 25 references with highest citation bursts in articles on TMS-based depression treatment, published between 2003 and 2022. The red bars signify citation bursts.

Figure 6 Clustered network analysis of transcranial magnetic stimulation-based depression treatment publications, covering the period from 2003 to 2022. A: Co-cited clustering analysis using CiteSpace. Here are the top 10 citation clusters; B: Timeline depicting co-cited references on transcranial magnetic stimulation-based depression treatment.

Figure 7 Analysis of keywords and detection of bursts in publications on transcranial magnetic stimulation-based depression treatment published between 2003 and 2022. A: A word cloud of 100 most frequently used keywords associated with depression treatment based on transcranial magnetic stimulation; B: Citation bursts for the top 15 keywords in chronological order, based on their starting years.