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©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Crit Care Med. Jun 9, 2025; 14(2): 101587
Published online Jun 9, 2025. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v14.i2.101587
Published online Jun 9, 2025. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v14.i2.101587
Figure 1 Schematic diagram showing immune dysregulation in liver failure patients.
Acute insult results not only in systemic inflammation, but also compensatory anti-inflammatory response which leads to immune paralysis and heightened susceptibility to bacterial infection. ALF: Acute liver failure; ACLF: Acute-on-chronic liver failure; CLD: Chronic liver disease; CARS: Compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome; SIRS: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome; IL: Interleukin; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; TGF: Transforming growth factor.
- Citation: Kumar R, Kumar A, Kumar S. Sepsis in liver failure patients: Diagnostic challenges and recent advancements. World J Crit Care Med 2025; 14(2): 101587
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3141/full/v14/i2/101587.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5492/wjccm.v14.i2.101587