Delta shock index predicts injury severity, interventions, and outcomes in trauma patients: A 10-year retrospective observational study

Figure 1 Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. A: Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis yielded an area under the curve of 0.711 (95%CI: 0.676-0.746; P = 0.001) when the cutoff point of delta shock index for predicting mortality was 0.10 (sensitivity: 62.1%; specificity: 77.1%; negative predictive value: 98.6%; and negative likelihood ratio: 0.49); B: Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis yielded an area under the curve of 0.725 (95%CI: 0.692-0.758; P = 0.001) when the cutoff point of delta shock index for predicting the need for massive transfusion protocol activation was 0.10 (sensitivity: 63.4%; specificity: 77.3%; negative predictive value: 98.5%; and negative likelihood ratio: 0.47); C: Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis yielded an area under the curve of 0.604 (95%CI: 0.578-0.629; P = 0.001) when the cutoff point of delta shock index for predicting the need for exploratory laparotomy was 0.10 (sensitivity: 42.5%; specificity: 77.0%; negative predictive value: 96.2%; and negative likelihood ratio: 0.75). ROC: Receiver operating characteristic.

Figure 2 Multivariate regression analysis for the predictors of mortality and need for massive blood transfusion and exploratory laparotomy. A: Mortality; B: Massive blood transfusion; C: Exploratory laparotomy. FAST: Focused assessment with sonography in trauma; ISS: Injury severity score; SI: Shock index; GCS: Glasgow coma scale; ED: emergency department; EMS time: Emergency medical services time.