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Copyright ©2013 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Immunol. Nov 27, 2013; 3(3): 54-61
Published online Nov 27, 2013. doi: 10.5411/wji.v3.i3.54
Table 1 Association between sustained virological response rates, age and gender in chronic hepatitis C patients treated with standard of care
Ref.GNumber ofNaiveAge (yr, mean ± SD)/FormulaSVR rates
patientsgender (male)
McHutchison et al[17]11016Yes47.5 ± 8.1/59.7%Low-dose PegIFN alpha-2b plus RBV38.00%
11019Yes47.5 ± 7.8/60.2%Standard-dose PegIFN alpha-2b plus RBV39.80%
11035Yes47.6 ± 8.2/59.2%PegIFN alpha-2a plus RBV40.90%
Jeffers et al[18]178 (Black)Yes46.3 ± 0.7/72%PegIFN alpha-2a plus RBV26.00%
128 (White)Yes44.7 ± 1.4/61%PegIFN alpha-2a plus RBV39.00%
Bruno et al[19]1163Yes49.9 ± 11.1/62%PegIFN alpha-2b plus RBV41.10%
1148Yes49.5 ± 11.1/62%IFN alpha-2b plus RBV29.30%
Conjeevaram et al[20]1196 (African-Americans)Yes49.0 ± (45.0, 52.5)/64.8%PegIFN alpha-2a plus RBV28.00%
1205 (Caucasian-Americans)Yes48.0 ± (43.0, 52.0)/65.8%PegIFN alpha-2a plus RBV52.00%
Miyauchi et al[21]1383-55.0 ± 10.9/62%PegIFN alpha-2b plus RBV61.80%
Kanda et al[22]1127Yes56.1 ± 10.7/48.8%PegIFN alpha-2a plus RBV56.60%
169No59.0 ± 10.1/49.2%PegIFN alpha-2a plus RBV39.10%
Table 2 Clinical characteristics of hepatitis C patients aged ≥ 65 years and treated with standard of care
Total (n= 196)Male (n= 104)Female (n= 92)P value1
Age (yr)67.8 ± 2.568.1 ± 2.667.4 ± 2.4
Gender (male/female)104/92104/00/92
HCV viral load (high/low/unknown)185/7/46/2/19961/2/19890.169
HCV genotypes 1/2164/32Nov-9371/210.033
Treatment-naïve (yes/no/unknown)108/87/155/48/152/39/10.704
ALT (IU/L)61.3 ± 50.770.1 ± 57.151.4 ± 40.30.010
White blood cells (/μL)4940 ± 14905160 ± 16704690 ± 12100.027
Neutrophils (/μL)2660 ± 10802790 ± 12702530 ± 8300.096
Hemoglobin (g/dL)13.7 ± 1.514.1 ± 1.613.2 ± 1.30.000
Platelets (× 104/μL)15.1 ± 4.715.0 ± 4.815.4 ± 4.60.553
Peg-IFN α - 2a / Peg-IFN α - 2b86/11041/6345/470.233
Table 3 Severe adverse events in hepatitis C patients aged ≥ 65 years and treated with standard of care n (%)
Severe adverse eventsNo. of patient
discontinuities
Occurrence of malignancies (Hepatocellular carcinoma)5 (13.5)
Severe fatigue5 (13.5)
Severe pulmonary symptoms (bloody phlegm, cough, or interstitial pneumonitis)5 (13.5)
Severe anemia5 (13.5)
Psychiatric disorders3 (8.1)
Severe skin lesion3 (8.1)
Neurological disorders3 (8.1)
Severe thrombocytopenia or neutropenia3 (8.1)
Severe denutrition2 (5.4)
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding1 (2.7)
Severe infection (tuberculosis)1 (2.7)
Unknown1 (2.7)
Table 4 Association between IL28B rs8099917 and treatment response in hepatitis C patients aged ≥ 65 years and treated with standard of care
TotalIL28B TTIL28B TG1P values
(n = 41)(n = 31)(n = 10)
Age (yr)67.7 ± 2.668.0 ± 2.967.0 ± 1.30.141
Gender (male/female)28/1322/94/60.796
HCV viral load, (high/low)41/031/010/0NA
HCV genotype (G1/G2)41/025/68/20.678
Treatment-naïve (yes/no)29/1224/75/50.208
ALT (IU/L)56.5 ± 40.254.9 ± 41.261.1 ± 38.90.677
γ-GTP (IU/L)36.4 ± 33.333.1 ± 33.146.6 ± 33.40.269
White blood cells (/μL)4840 ± 13004730 ± 11605190 ± 16900.337
Hemoglobin (g/dL)13.5 ± 1.313.6 ± 1.113.3 ± 1.80.528
Platelets (x104/μL)14.9 ± 5.414.4 ± 5.116.5 ± 6.20.289
IL28B rs8099917 (TT/TG)31/1031/00/10NA
EVR rates34.1% (14/41)45.1% (14/31)0% (0/10)0.025
SVR rates43.9% (18/41)48.3% (15/31)30.0% (3/10)0.514