Role of PCA3 test in clinical decision making for prostate cancer diagnosis

Table 1 Univariable and multivariable association with the adherence with the test recommendations

	Adherent		Univariable		Multivariable
	No (n = 96)	Yes (n = 260)	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Age [mean (SD)]	63.3 (6.2)	62.5 (6.8)	0.98 (0.95, 1.02)	0.29		NS
Number of previous biopsies [mean (SD)]	2.04 (1.12)	2.01 (1.08)	0.97 (0.79, 1.20)	0.794		NS
Biopsy last result-HGPIN/ASAP	24 (25.0%)	64 (24.7%)	0.99 (0.57, 1.69)	0.955		NS
Family history	4 (4.2%)	38 (14.7%)	3.96 (1.37, 11.40)	0.011	3.80 (1.31, 11.05)	0.014
Last PSA ≥ 10	41 (42.7%)	59 (22.8%)	0.40 (0.24, 0.65)	< 0.001	0.40 (0.24, 0.67)	< 0.001

HGPIN: High grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia; ASAP: Atypical small acinar proliferation; PSA: Prostate specific antigen; OR: Odds ratio; NS: Not significant; SD: Standard deviation.

Table 2 Distribution of biopsy results according to PCA3 test results

	PCA3
	< 35	≥35
Biopsy after PCA3 test
Not done	195	28
Done
Normal	45	22
HGPIN/ASAP	8	14
CAP	15	29
Total	68	65
Total	263	93

HGPIN/ASAP: High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia/atypical small acinar proliferation; CAP: Carcinoma of prostate.

Table 3 Univariable associations with post PCA3 biopsy result

	Post PCA3 biopsy result		OR (95%CI)	P value
	Normal benign (n = 88)	CAP (n = 44)
PCA3 [Mean (SD)]	34.8 (34.6)	73.3 (84.6)	1.02 (1.01, 1.02)	0.003
PCA3 > 15.0	57 (64.8%)	40 (90.9%)	5.44 (1.78, 16.62)	0.003
PCA3 > 20.0	52 (59.1%)	37 (84.1%)	3.66 (1.47, 9.12)	0.005
PCA3 > 25.0	46 (52.3%)	34 (77.3%)	3.10 (1.37, 7.05)	0.007
PCA3 > 35.0	35 (39.8%)	29 (65.9%)	2.93 (1.38, 6.23)	0.005
PSA [Mean (SD)]	9.3 (5.1)	11.4 (10.1)	1.04 (0.99, 1.09)	0.126
PSA > 4.0	86 (97.7%)	42 (95.5%)	0.49 (0.07, 3.59)	0.481
PSA > 7.5	48 (54.6%)	22 (50.0%)	0.83 (0.40, 1.72)	0.622
Inflammation	28 (31.8%)	16 (36.4%)	1.22 (0.57, 2.62)	0.602
Family history	4 (4.6%)	7 (15.9%)	3.97 (1.10, 14.40)	0.036
Last biopsy result-HGPIN/ASAP	24 (27.3%)	25 (56.8%)	3.51 (1.64, 7.49)	0.001
Abnormal DRE	13 (14.8%)	14 (31.8%)	2.69 (1.13, 6.40)	0.025

HGPIN/ASAP: High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia/atypical small acinar proliferation; CAP: Carcinoma of prostate; DRE: Digital rectal examination; SD: Standard deviation.