From the battlefield to the bladder: The development of thioTEPA

Figure 1 A group of British soldiers blinded by a gas attack on April, 10 1918-From the collections of the Imperial War Museum in London, England.

Figure 2 A Canadian soldier after exposure to mustard gas. Large bullae are present, especially where the fabric of his uniform doubled back on itself, allowing increased soaking of the compound into his clothing (at the armpit, shirt collar)-Obtained from Library and Archives Canada.

Figure 3 Bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide, Sulfur Mustard.

Figure 4 Bis(2-chloroethyl)methylamine, HN2.

Figure 5 Bris(2-chloroethyl)amine, HN3.

Figure 6 Triethylenemelamine, 2,4,6-tris(aziridin-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine, triethylenemelamine.

Figure 7 Triethylene phosphoramide, 1-[bis(aziridin-1-yl)phosphoryl]aziridine, triethylene phosphoramide .

Figure 8 1,1',1''-phosphorothioyltriaziridine, thioTEPA.