Role of artificial intelligence in congenital heart disease

Table 1 Role of artificial intelligence in congenital heart disease

Topic	Specific issue	Description
Prenatal diagnosis & risk stratification	Enhanced fetal echocardiography using AI	Improved accuracy and efficiency in detecting CHD prenatally
	AI-powered genetic testing	More precise identification of genetic predispositions to CHD
Postnatal diagnosis & management	AI-driven diagnostic imaging analysis	Faster and more accurate identification of CHD subtypes and severity
	Advanced signal processing	More precise assessment of hemodynamic parameters
	AI-powered decision support systems	Personalized treatment strategies based on individual patient data
Long-term care & monitoring	AI-enabled remote monitoring	Continuous surveillance for early detection of complications
	Wearable technology	Continuous data collection and transmission for proactive management
Challenges & limitations	Need for standardized datasets	Lack of large, high-quality datasets hinders AI model development
	Development of transparent and explainable AI algorithms	Ensuring trustworthiness and accountability of AI systems
	Ethical considerations	Addressing issues of data privacy, bias, and equitable access
	Seamless integration into clinical workflows	Efficient incorporation of AI tools into existing healthcare practices

AI: Artificial intelligence; CHD: Congenital heart disease.