Impact of nutritional status on the outcome of critically ill pediatric patients

Table 1 Outcome variables according to severity of malnutrition, n (%)/mean ± SD

Outcome variables	Severely malnourished (n = 67)	Moderately malnourished (n = 42)	Well-nourished (n = 101)	P value
Mortality	20 (29.9)	9 (21.4)	19 (18.8)	0.241
MV duration (Days)	1.87 ± 0.7	1.74 ± 0.5	1.3 ± 0.8	0.001
Hospital stay (Days)	9.64 ± 5	9.3 ± 3.2	8.1 ± 3.1	0.021
PICU stay (Days)	5.66 ± 2.5	4.6 ± 2.1	4.2 ± 2.1	0.001
PRISM score	11.28 ± 5.5	8.93 ± 3.8	9.15 ± 4.2	0.147
Inotrope score at admission	10.9 ± 3.6	9.4 ± 4.1	10.09 ± 4.0	0.949

MV: Mechanical ventilation; PICU: Pediatric intensive care unit; PRISM: Pediatric risk mortality score.

Table 2 Multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess the relationship between malnutrition and outcome variables

Outcome	SAM	P value	MAM	P value
	Adjusted OR (95%CI)1		Adjusted OR (95%CI)1
Mortality	1.21 (0.68-2.16)	0.521	1.14 (0.55-2.36)	0.720
Prolonged PICU stay2	2.87 (1.63-5.04)	< 0.001	1.75 (1.02-3.01)	0.042
Prolonged hospital stay2	2.41 (1.38-4.21)	0.002	1.62 (0.96-2.74)	0.070
Prolonged ventilation3	3.25 (1.82-5.79)	< 0.001	1.96 (1.13-3.39)	0.016

¹Adjusted for age, gender, pediatric risk mortality score, and inotrope score at admission.

²Prolonged pediatric intensive care unit stay: > 5 days.

²Prolonged hospital stay: > 10 days.

³Prolonged mechanical ventilation: > 3 days.

OR: Odds ratio; SAM: Severe acute malnutrition; MAM: Moderate acute malnutrition; PICU: Pediatric intensive care unit.