Childhood gastroesophageal reflux disease: A comprehensive review of disease, diagnosis, and therapeutic management

Figure 1  Flowchart illustrating the diagnostic and management algorithm for pediatric gastroesophageal reflux disease. The flowchart outlines step-by-step guidance, starting from symptom evaluation and diagnosis to the implementation of lifestyle modifications, pharmacologic interventions (e.g., histamine-2 receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors), and surgical options if necessary. The algorithm emphasizes a structured approach tailored to the severity of symptoms and the response to initial treatment. GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease; GI: Gastrointestinal; H2RAs: Histamine-2 receptor antagonists; PPIs: Proton pump inhibitors.