It is 2015: What are the best diagnostic and treatment options for Ménière’s disease?

Table 1 1995 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery diagnostic criteria for Ménière’s disease

Certain	Definite Ménière’s + histological confirmation
Definite	≥ 2 definitive spontaneous vertigo episodes ≥ 20 min
	+ all criteria in Probable Ménière’s disease
Probable	1 definite episode of vertigo
	audiometric hearing loss on ≥ 1 occasion
	Aural fullness or tinnitus in the affected ear
	Other causes exclude
Possible	Episodic vertigo of Ménière’s type with no documented hearing loss or
	Fluctuating or fixed SNHL with disequilibrium without definitive vertigo episodes
	Other causes excluded

SNHL: Sensorineural hearing loss.

Table 2 New proposed diagnostic criteria for Ménière’s disease

Definite MD

Two or more spontaneous episodes of vertigo, each lasting 20 min to 12 h

Audiometrically documented low- to medium-frequency sensorineural hearing loss in one ear, defining the affected ear on at least one occasion before, during or after one of the episodes of vertigo

Fluctuating aural symptoms (hearing, tinnitus or fullness) in the affected ear

Not better accounted for by another vestibular diagnosis

Probable MD

Two or more episodes of vertigo or dizziness, each lasting 20 min to 24 h

Fluctuating aural symptoms (hearing, tinnitus or fullness) in the affected ear

Not better accounted for by another vestibular diagnosis

MD: Ménière's disease.