Characteristics of semen parameters of Malawian men from couples seeking assisted reproduction

Table 1 Different possible causes of infertility in the participant group n (%)

Group	Semen analysis	Data
Participants (n = 78)	Azoospermia1	8 (10.3)
	Oligozoospermia2	25 (32.0)
	Asthenozoospermia3	12 (15.4)
	Abnormal seminal plasma4	16 (20.5)
	Teratoozoospermia5	17 (21.8)
Controls (n = 52)	Normal semen	52 (100.0)

¹Total absence of sperm in the semen;

²Sperm concentration of < 20 × 10⁶/mL;

³< 50% spermatozoa with forward progression;

⁴Seminal volume less than 2.0 mL or abnormal physical characteristics of semen with normal spermatozoa;

⁵Reduced percentage (< 14%) of morphologically normal spermatozoa.

Table 2 Different semen parameters

	Controls	Participants	P value
Volume (mL)	3.52 ± 0.17	1.8 ± 0.23	< 0.05
Concentration (106/mL)	56.89 ± 4.34	34.21 ± 6.45	< 0.05
Total motility (%)	82.56 ± 4.32	76.45 ± 8.95	> 0.05
Progressive motility (%)	59.92 ± 3.54	44.34 ± 4.56	< 0.05
Normal morphology (%)	19.12 ± 2.45	7.35 ± 4.45	< 0.05