Comparison of a simplified skin pointer device compared with a skeletal marker for knee rotation laxity: A cadaveric study using a rotation-meter

Table 1 Total knee rotation measured at 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° of knee flexion with 3 nm of torque

	Total rotation (°)
Knee flexion (°)	Skin pointer	Nail	Pearson's r	r P-value	t-test P-value
0	23.88 ± 25.99	16.33 ± 17.32	0.92	0.000	0.032
30	41.70 ± 15.49	33.06 ± 14.66	0.63	0.037	0.042
45	48.97 ± 16.97	40.30 ± 11.20	0.81	0.002	0.030
60	45.73 ± 17.45	34.70 ± 9.45	0.86	0.001	0.008
90	29.21 ± 10.89	21.15 ± 6.75	0.69	0.019	0.016

Table 2 Total knee rotation measured at 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° of knee flexion with 6 nm of torque

	Total rotation (°)
Knee flexion (°)	Skin pointer	Nail	Pearson's r	r P-value	t-test P-value
0	51.12 ± 37.73	38.61 ± 30.07	0.90	0	0.064
30	64.64 ± 21.61	54.27 ± 15.11	0.73	0.011	0.051
45	67.73 ± 20.60	55.48 ± 9.45	0.65	0.029	0.019
60	62.85 ± 22.43	45.79 ± 13.05	0.65	0.031	0.006
90	43.61 ± 17.56	30.97 ± 6.25	0.62	0.043	0.007

Table 3 Total knee rotation measured at 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° of knee flexion with 9 nm of torque

	Total rotation (°)
Knee flexion (°)	Skin pointer	Nail	Pearson's r	r P-value	t-test P-value
0	69.67 ± 39.91	55.61 ± 30.61	0.86	0.001	0.046
30	79.18 ± 25.14	66.91 ± 15.42	0.59	0.055	0.072
45	80.67 ± 24.65	65.48 ± 11.23	0.51	0.112	0.040
60	74.52 ± 27.57	57.09 ± 11.50	0.77	0.006	0.017
90	54.70 ± 21.05	39.39 ± 8.22	0.55	0.079	0.018