Frozen shoulder - A prospective randomized clinical trial

Table 1 Changes in visual analogue scale scores in both groups

Duration	VAS score in group (mean ± SD)		P value
	ACR	Corticosteroid
Baseline	7.1 ± 1.8	7.1 ± 1.8	1
4 wk	4.4 ± 1.6	5.1 ± 1.7	0.101
8 wk	3.6 ± 1.7	4.8 ± 1.7	0.007
12 wk	3.0 ± 1.6	4.2 ± 1.6	0.006
16 wk	2.5 ± 1.8	3.7 ± 1.5	0.006
20 wk	2.0 ± 1.7	3.2 ± 1.5	0.019

VAS: Visual analogue scale.

Table 2 Change in range motion in both groups

Movement type	Study group	Movement in degrees (mean ± SD)
		Baseline	4 wk	8 wk	12 wk	16 wk	20 wk
Forward flexion	ACR	99.8 ± 13.4	133.3 ± 19.1	140.1 ± 18.6	145.5 ± 17.4	151.2 ± 16.4	152.9 ± 14.6
	Corticosteroid	100.8 ± 16.7	118.9 ± 17.4	126.4 ± 16.9	132.5 ± 17.3	138.9 ± 17.6	143.9 ± 16.6
	P value	0.79	0.005	0.006	0.007	0.009	0.05
Extension	ACR	34.1 ± 7.5	42.6 ± 8.1	45.0 ± 7.6	48.0 ± 6.8	49.8 ± 7.0	50.6 ± 7.2
	Corticosteroid	34.4 ± 7.4	41.6 ± 6.3	43.7 ± 5.3	46.7 ± 6.1	49.2 ± 5.5	50.0 ± 5.4
	P value	0.86	0.58	0.48	0.47	0.53	0.68
Abduction	ACR	78.3 ± 13.2	113.2 ± 20.4	121.6 ± 21.8	127.6 ± 21.3	131.9 ± 19.8	135.6 ± 18.5
	Corticosteroid	78.0 ± 18.8	94.6 ± 20.2	100.0 ± 22.4	107.5 ± 21.2	109.2 ± 26.9	118.3 ± 22.0
	P value	0.93	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.005
Adduction	ACR	28.0 ± 5.6	37.3 ± 6.1	39.1 ± 5.9	41.7 ± 5.1	43.9 ± 5.5	45.9 ± 5.0
	Corticosteroid	28.7 ± 6.3	33.2 ± 5.4	35.8 ± 5.9	38.2 ± 6.6	41.2 ± 5.5	43.0 ± 5.8
	P value	0.65	0.01	0.04	0.02	0.07	0.07
Internal rotation	ACR	28.9 ± 6.4	39.8 ± 8.4	42.5 ± 8.9	44.8 ± 9.1	48.3 ± 9.0	50.4 ± 7.5
	Corticosteroid	32.6 ± 8.3	38.7 ± 6.7	41.0 ± 5.6	44.2 ± 6.1	46.4 ± 4.6	47.8 ± 5.5
	P value	0.06	0.6	0.47	0.79	0.31	0.16
External rotation	ACR	39.1 ± 6.2	56.4 ± 11.4	61.4 ± 12.9	65.7 ± 13.2	69.8 ± 12.7	73.4 ± 14.2
	Corticosteroid	42.6 ± 8.2	49.1 ± 7.7	51.4 ± 8.9	54.8 ± 8.2	59.2 ± 8.8	62.6 ± 9.9
	P value	0.07	0.007	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.003

Table 3 Changes in Constant score in both groups

Duration	Constant score in group (mean ± SD)		P value
	ACR	Corticosteroid
Baseline	29.5 ± 6.2	30.4 ± 8.3	0.64
4 wk	50.3 ± 10.7	43.4 ± 9.5	0.01
8 wk	56.0 ± 11.9	47.6 ± 10.3	0.01
12 wk	61.0 ± 12.3	53.0 ± 9.9	0.01
16 wk	66.5 ± 13.0	58.4 ± 11.2	0.01
20 wk	70.2 ± 12.1	62.6 ± 11.6	0.03