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©2012 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Orthop. Jan 18, 2012; 3(1): 5-9
Published online Jan 18, 2012. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v3.i1.5
Published online Jan 18, 2012. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v3.i1.5
Table 1 Patient characteristics of cases and controls
| Characteristics | Cases n =111 (%) | Controls n =191 (%) | P-value |
| Mean age, yr (SD) | 49.8 (7.7) | 43.0( 6.2) | 0.435 |
| Gender, male (%) | 49 (44) | 101 (53) | 0.03 |
| Mean BMI, (kg/m²) (SD) | 24.1(3.8) | 24.4 (3.6) | 0.386 |
| Smoking status (%) | < 0.05 | ||
| Never | 93 (83.8) | 183 (95.8) | |
| Current | 15 (13.5%) | 4 (2.1) | |
| Ex-smoker | 3 (2.7) | 4 (2.1) | |
| History of trauma | < 0.05 | ||
| No | 104 (93.7) | 191 (100) | |
| Yes | 7 (6.3) | 0 (0%) | |
| Occupation | < 0.05 | ||
| Rubber tapper | 11 (9.9) | 20 (10.5) | |
| Teacher/nurse | 30 (27.0) | 34 (17.8) | |
| Farmer | 9 (8.1) | 14 (7.3) | |
| Officer/others | 61 (55.0%) | 123 (64.4) | |
| Sports | 0.264 | ||
| None | 100 (90.1) | 180 (94.2) | |
| -Football | 1 (0.9) | 4 (2.1) | |
| Jogging | 3 (2.7) | 0 (0) | |
| Others | 7 (6.3) | 8 (4.2) | |
| Sleeping position | 0.029 | ||
| Supine | 85 (44.5) | 32 (52.5) | |
| Decubitus | 90 (47.1) | 20 (32.8) | |
| Prone | 2 (1.1) | 0 (0) | |
| Undetermined | 14 (7.3) | 9(14.7) | |
| Type of acromion | 0.082 | ||
| Type I, Flat | 89 (81.7) | 166 (86.9) | |
| Type II, Curved | 12 (11.0) | 21 (11.0) | |
| Type III, Hooked | 8 (7.3) | 4 (2.1) |
Table 2 Univariate analysis of factors affecting impingement syndrome
| Characteristics | Proportion of case n (%) | X2 (df) | P value |
| Age, yr | 1.83 (1) | 0.175 | |
| < 50 | 25 (26.6) | ||
| ≥50 | 69 (73.4) | ||
| Sex | 7.55 (1) | 0.033 | |
| Male | 44 (39.6) | ||
| Female | 67 (60.4) | ||
| Smoking status | 15.77 | < 0.001 | |
| Never | 93 (33.7) | ||
| Current | 3 (42.9) | ||
| Ex-smoker | 15 (78.9) | ||
| Occupation | 19.36 (6) | 0.004 | |
| Rubber tapper | 11 (35.5) | ||
| Teacher/nurse | 30 (48.4) | ||
| Farmer | 9 (39.1) | ||
| Officer/others | 61 (73.3) | ||
| Sports | 5.23 (4) | 0.264 | |
| None | 100 (35.7) | ||
| Football | 1 (20.0) | ||
| Jogging | 3 (50.0) | ||
| Others | 111 (60.0) | ||
| Sleeping position | 9.038 | 0.029 | |
| Supine | 32 (27.4) | ||
| Decubitus | 70 (43.7) | ||
| Prone | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Undetermined | 9 (37.1) | ||
| Type of acromion | 4.99 | 0.082 | |
| Type I, flat | 89 (34.9) | ||
| Type II, curved | 12 (36.4) | ||
| Type III, hooked | 8 (66.7) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.489 | 0.783 | |
| < 25 | 68 (61.3) | ||
| 25-29.9 | 35 (31.5) | ||
| ≥ 30 | 8 (7.21) |
Table 3 Multivariable analysis demonstrating independent risk factors associated with impingement syndrome
| Characteristics | Crude odds ratios (95% CI) | Adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) |
| Age, yr | ||
| < 50 | 1 | 1 |
| ≥ 50 | 1.73 (1.01-2.96) | 1.83 (0.87-3.81) |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 1 | 1 |
| Female | 0.58 (0.35-0.95) | 0.58 (0.28-1.18) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||
| < 25 | 1 | 1 |
| 25-29.9 | 1.01 (0.61-1.69) | 1.31 (0.68-2.54) |
| ≥ 30 | 1.41 (0.53-3.74) | 1.13 (0.24-5.31) |
| Smoking status | ||
| Never | 1 | 1 |
| Current | 7.37 (2.30-22.86) | 6.78 (1.15-39.82) |
| Ex-smoker | 1.47 (0.32-6.73) | 1.84 (0.34-9.93) |
| Occupation | 1 | 1 |
| Rubber tapper | 1.70 (0.70-4.14) | 0.81 (0.27-2.46) |
| Teacher/nurse | 1.16 (0.38-3.56) | 0.71 (0.18-2.73) |
| Farmer | 5.00 (1.28-19.49) | 6.28 (1.30-30.29) |
| Officer/others | 0.74 (0.33-1.68) | 0.44 (0.16-1.20) |
| Sport | ||
| None | 1 | 1 |
| Jogging | 1.80 (0.35-9.01) | 2.60 (0.42-16.06) |
| Football | 0.45 (0.05-4.08) | 1.39 (0.11-17.29) |
| Others | 2.70 (0.74-9.79) | 2.81 (0.57-13.87) |
| Type of acromion | ||
| Type I, flat | 1 | 1 |
| Type II, curved | 1.06 (0.50-2.26) | 1.10 (0.47-2.58) |
| Type III, hooked | 5.73 (1.09-12.73) | 6.24 (1.11-34.96) |
| Sleeping position | ||
| Supine | 1 | 1 |
| Decubitus | 2.06 (1.23-3.44) | 3.74 (1.20-11.59) |
| Undetermined | 1.71 (0.67-4.33) | 2.35 (1.17-4.72) |
- Citation: Tangtrakulwanich B, Kapkird A. Analyses of possible risk factors for subacromial impingement syndrome. World J Orthop 2012; 3(1): 5-9
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2218-5836/full/v3/i1/5.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5312/wjo.v3.i1.5