Novel endoscopic hybrid technique in the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy

doi:10.5312/wjo.v16.i8.109904

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Aug 18, 2025 (publication date) through Aug 11, 2025

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World Journal of Orthopedics

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2218-5836

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Orthop. Aug 18, 2025; 16(8): 109904
Published online Aug 18, 2025. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v16.i8.109904

Table 1 Characteristics of the sample, mean ± SD

Item		UES		UBE		HT
Gender		Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female
Gender		15	13	13	13	13	14
Age		44.21 ± 9.84		45.03 ± 10.96		47.78 ± 11.19
Segment	C_4/5	11		8		9
	C_5/6	12		10		12
	C_6/7	5		8		6

UES: Uniportal endoscopic surgery; UBE: Unilateral biportal endoscopy; HT: Hybrid technique.

Table 2 Peri-operation data comparison between groups, mean ± SD

Item	UES	UBE	HT
Duration of operation (minute)	72.46 ± 8.41^a	59.27 ± 5.16	64.15 ± 7.55
Bleeding index	1.09 ± 0.15	1.49 ± 0.28^a	1.3 ± 0.13
Bleeding duration percentage (%)	24.59 ± 3.16	32.49 ± 4.09^a	26.22 ± 2.8
Length of hospital stay (day)	4.63 ± 0.61	5.8 ± 0.56^a	4.65 ± 0.67
Cost (Thousands, Yuan)	3.45 ± 0.07^a	4.12 ± 0.08^a	5.06 ± 0.11^a
Modified Macnab criteria (excellent + good)	0.86	0.92	0.96
Post-operative soft tissue edema (cm²)	5.21 ± 0.46^a	7.29 ± 0.78	7.02 ± 0.53

^aP < 0.05.

UES: Uniportal endoscopic surgery; UBE: Unilateral biportal endoscopy; HT: Hybrid technique.

Table 3 Clinical outcomes by three groups in follow-up 6 months, mean ± SD

		VAS of neck pain	VAS of upper limb pain	NDI
UES	Pre-operation	6.29 ± 0.69	7.43 ± 0.83	42.19 ± 3.08
	3 days after surgery	2.81 ± 0.72^b	3.1 ± 0.51^b	17.57 ± 3.24^b
	3 months after surgery	2.14 ± 0.62^b	2.57 ± 0.49^b	8.43 ± 1.22^b
	6 months after surgery	2.29 ± 0.54^b	2.43 ± 0.5^b	7.95 ± 1.21^b
UBE	Pre-operation	6.12 ± 0.85	7.46 ± 0.99	42.89 ± 3.74
	3 days after surgery	3.89 ± 0.97^a^,^b	2.89 ± 0.64^b	22.05 ± 2.74^b
	3 months after surgery	2.37 ± 0.67^b	2.37 ± 0.48^b	8.32 ± 1.45^b
	6 months after surgery	2.32 ± 0.46^b	2.26 ± 0.44b	8.16 ± 1.04b
HT	Pre-operation	6.26 ± 0.91	7.44 ± 0.94	43.04 ± 3.22
	3 days after surgery	3.89 ± 0.69^a^,^b	2.93 ± 0.6^b	22 ± 3.16^b
	3 months after surgery	2.46 ± 0.72^b	2.63 ± 0.58^b	8.26 ± 1.56^b
	6 months after surgery	2.25 ± 0.81^b	2.44 ± 0.49^b	8.09 ± 1.33^b

^aP < 0.05, significant differences between groups.

^bP < 0.05, significant difference compared with preoperative values.

UES: Uniportal endoscopic surgery; UBE: Unilateral biportal endoscopy; HT: Hybrid technique; VAS: Visual analogue scale; NDI: Neck disability index.

Citation: Yan MJ, Zhang BT, Tang GK, Liu YB, Liao WB, Guo S, Fu Q. Novel endoscopic hybrid technique in the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. World J Orthop 2025; 16(8): 109904
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2218-5836/full/v16/i8/109904.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5312/wjo.v16.i8.109904