Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Orthop. Jul 18, 2025; 16(7): 106570
Published online Jul 18, 2025. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v16.i7.106570
Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics and demographic data of 30 patients, n (%)
FLLDH type
I
II
III
P value
No. of patients12135
Age, years50.167 ± 16.50349.308 ± 13.49359.60 ± 9.1820.3788
Male sex5 (41.67) 9 (69.23) 3 (60) 0.3757
BMI22.952 ± 1.49624.512 ± 2.95325.504 ± 2.2220.1014
Preoperative course7.583 ± 5.2306.0 ± 5.05.8 ± 4.1470.679
Surgical segment0.2
L3/4243
L4/5670
L5/S1422
Responsible nerve root0.5718
L3243
L4772
L5423
S1100
ODI48.148 ± 11.38342.073 ± 10.28157.780 ± 15.0720.1141
VAS-leg6.417 ± 1.7826.692 ± 1.4377.20 ± 1.9240.6773
VAS-back4.083 ± 1.6763.154 ± 1.4052.60 ± 1.1400.1351