Copyright
©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Orthop. Aug 18, 2024; 15(8): 773-782
Published online Aug 18, 2024. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v15.i8.773
Published online Aug 18, 2024. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v15.i8.773
Characteristic | Total |
Age (years) | |
Mean (SD) | 68.8 (9.2) |
Median (IQR) | 69.0 (63.0, 75.0) |
Min, Max | 44.0, 93.0 |
Women | 45 (40.9) |
Race | |
Pacific Islander | 2 (1.8) |
White | 108 (98.2) |
Smoking history | |
Current smoker | 4 (3.6) |
Previous smoker | 36 (32.7) |
Never smoker | 58 (52.7) |
History of heart failure | 1 (0.9) |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | |
Mean (SD) | 30.3 (6.0) |
Median (IQR) | 30.0 (62.2, 34.3) |
Min, Max | 18.8, 47.0 |
Body surface area (m2) | |
Mean (SD) | 2.1 (0.3) |
Median (IQR) | 2.1 (1.9, 2.2) |
Min, Max | 1.4, 2.7 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | |
Mean (SD) | 134.0 (18.9) |
Median (IQR) | 132.0 (122.0, 144.0) |
Min, Max | 90.0, 187.0 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | |
Mean (SD) | 77.6 (8.8) |
Median (IQR) | 78.0 (72.0, 83.0) |
Min, Max | 60.0, 108.0 |
TJA history | |
Joint | |
Hip (total hip arthroplasty) | 79 (71.8) |
Knee (total knee arthroplasty) | 11 (10.0) |
Both | 20 (18.2) |
Revision surgery | 59 (53.6) |
Years between first TJA surgery and study visit | |
Mean (SD) | 13.4 (5.7) |
Median (IQR) | 12 (10.0, 16.0) |
Min, Max | 2.0, 31.0 |
Metal concentrations (ng/mL) | Total | Men | Women |
Detectable chromium, | 43 (39.5) | 28 (43.8) | 15 (33.3) |
Mean (SD) | 3.8 (4.7) | 3.0 (3.5) | 5.2 (6.3) |
Median (IQR) | 1.9 (1.2, 3.8) | 1.9 (1.3, 2.9) | 2.8 (1.2, 5.8) |
Min, max | 1.1, 21.4 | 1.1,18.5 | 1.2,21.4 |
Detectable cobalt | 51 (46.4) | 36 (55.4) | 15 (33.3) |
Mean (SD) | 4.9 (4.3) | 5.2 (4.7) | 4.1 (3.2) |
Median (IQR) | 3.7 (1.9, 6.3) | 4.1 (2.1, 6.9) | 3.2 (1.9, 5.2) |
Min, max | 1.1, 24.6 | 1.1, 24.6 | 1.1, 12 |
Detectable titanium | 89 (80.9) | 49 (75.4) | 40 (88.9) |
Mean (SD) | 4.8 (5.1) | 4.6 (6.1) | 5.1 (3.5) |
Median (IQR) | 3.0 (2.0, 5.0) | 3 (1,5) | 4 (3,7) |
Min, Max | 1.0, 35.0 | 1,35 | 1,15 |
Measure available | Mean (SD); Median (interquartile range) | Regression estimates (95%CI)1 | |||
Measure (unit) | Chromium | Cobalt | Titanium | ||
LV size and systolic function | |||||
2D Biplane LV end-diastolic volume (mL) | 100 | 134.04 (34.14); 129.5 (109, 153) | 1.20 (-5.23 to 7.64) | 5.09 (0.02-10.17)a | -3.67 (-8.55 to 1.22) |
3D LV end-diastolic volume (mL) | 95 | 130.38 (32.14); 126 (110, 147) | 0.95 (-4.59 to 6.50) | 4.09 (-0.57 to 8.74)a | -1.69 (-6.35 to 2.96) |
2D Biplane LV end-systolic volume (mL) | 99 | 50.76 (18.22); 48 (38, 60) | 0.44 (-3.05 to 3.92) | 3.13 (0.40-5.87) | -1.53 (-4.20 to 1.14) |
3D LV end-systolic volume (mL) | 94 | 49.24 (14.2); 48 (38, 57) | 0.44 (-1.86 to 2.75) | 1.46 (-0.50 to 3.42) | -1.16 (-3.09 to 0.76) |
3D LV ejection fraction | 94 | 62.12 (4.34); 62 (60, 65) | -0.10 (-0.88 to 0.68) | -0.51 (-1.17 to 0.15) | 0.07 (-0.59 to 0.73) |
LV global longitudinal strain | 108 | -19.74 (2.12); -20 (-21, -19) | -0.15 (-0.55 to 0.26) | -0.27 (-0.60 to 0.07) | -0.38 (-0.70 to 0.06)b |
LV stroke volume (mL) | 108 | 94.5 (17.22)/91 (82.5, 105) | -0.28 (-3.43 to 2.87) | 1.59 (-0.99 to 4.16) | -2.69 (-5.24 to 0.15)b |
LV cardiac output (l/minute) | 109 | 6.12 (1.3); 5.84 (5.22, 6.8) | -0.01 (-0.35 to 0.16) | 0.01 (-0.20 to 0.22) | -0.20 (-0.40 to 0.004)a |
LV cardiac index (l/minute/m2) | 108 | 2.92 (0.4)/2.82 (2.68,3.16) | 0.01 (-0.08 to 0.09) | 0.01 (-0.06 to 0.07) | -0.08 (-0.15 to -0.01)b |
LV diastolic function | |||||
LV diastolic function (normal/abnormal) | 110 | Normal 42 (38.2) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
Abnormal 68 (61.8) | 1.21 (0.78-1.87) | 1.14 (0.80-1.62) | 0.67 (0.47-0.97)b | ||
Medial E/e' ratio | 106 | 10.76 (3.7)/10 (8.3,12.5) | -0.38 (-1.02 to 0.27) | -0.05 (-0.60 to 0.49) | 0.18 (-0.34 to 0.70) |
LA biplane vol index (mL/m2) | 107 | 31.32 (9.02); 30 (25, 37) | 1.26 (-1.36 to 3.86) | 2.72 (0.60-4.84)b | -0.24 ( -2.3 to 1.82) |
LA reservoir strain | 105 | 29.9 (6.9); 29.5 (26.2, 33.9) | 0.002 (-1.38 to 1.39) | 0.083 (-1.06 to 1.22) | 1.602 (0.55-2.66)c |
Right heart parameters | |||||
RV systolic pressure (mmHg) | 80 | 28.34 (5.34); 28 (23.5, 32) | -0.41 (-1.54 to 0.73) | -0.22 (-1.19 to 0.75) | -0.28 (-1.15 to 0.58) |
RV size (normal/enlarged) | 110 | Normal 99 (90) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
Abnormal 11 (10) | 1.66 (0.91-3.05) | 1.80 (1.08-2.99)b | 1.22 (0.74-2.01) | ||
RV basal diameter (mm) | 53 | 40.48 (6.3); 41 (36, 46) | 0.37 (-1.18 to 1.92) | 1.17 (-0.18 to 2.51)a | -0.17 (-1.42 to 1.08) |
Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (mm) | 91 | 23.58 (3.7); 23 (21, 26) | -0.34 (-1.21 to 0.53) | 0.11 (-0.61 to 0.83) | 0.17 (-0.50 to 0.84) |
RV Basal Lateral Systolic Strain | 34 | -25.06 (4.88); -26 (-29, -24) | 1.19 (-0.64 to 3.01) | 0.40 (-1.50 to 2.29) | -0.59 (-2.12 to 0.94) |
Other parameters | |||||
Mid ascending thoracic aortic diameter (mm) | 82 | 35.9 (4.08); 36 (33, 38) | 0.16 (-0.65 to 0.98) | 0.43 (-0.27 to 1.13) | -0.71 (-1.38 to -0.05)b |
N terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (pg/mL) | 109 | 153.4 (269.3); 85 (42, 138) | -20.47 (-72.32 to 31.38) | 10.01 (-32.78 to 52.80) | 13.41 (-27.74 to 54.55) |
Troponin (ng/mL) | 108 | 13.4 (11.3); 11 (7, 15) | -0.97 (-2.94 to 0.99) | -0.85 (-2.47 to 0.77) | 0.22 (-1.34 to 1.78) |
- Citation: Brennan PC, Peterson SM, O'Byrne TJ, Laporta ML, Wyles CC, Jannetto PJ, Kane GC, Vassilaki M, Maradit Kremers H. Blood metal concentrations and cardiac structure and function in total joint arthroplasty patients. World J Orthop 2024; 15(8): 773-782
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2218-5836/full/v15/i8/773.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5312/wjo.v15.i8.773