Preoperative and postoperative risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection in primary total hip arthroplasty: A 1-year experience

Table 1 Patients’ characteristics according to periprosthetic joint infection

Covariate	Infection (yes)	Infection (not)	P value
Age, mean (min-max)	62.8 (51-69)	62.8 (17-88)	P = 0.98; T-test
Sex
Female (%)	3 (75.0)	317 (54.7)	P = 0.63; Fisher’s test
Male (%)	1 (25.0)	262 (45.3)
BMI
Underweight (%)	-	4 (0.7)	P = 0.455; χ2 test
Normal (%)	1 (25.0)	208 (36.0)
Overweight (%)	1 (25.0)	259 (44.8)
Obese (%)	2 (50.0)	107 (18.5)
Antibiotic therapy
Cefazolin (%)	4 (100.0)	560 (96.9)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Clindamycin (%)	-	18 (3.1)
Additional antibiotic doses
Yes (%)	1 (25.0)	20 (3.5)	P = 0.137; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	3 (75.0)	559 (96.5)
Diagnosis
Coxartrosis (%)	3 (75.0)	370 (97.6)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Dysplasia (%)	1 (25.0)	9 (2.4)
Bearings
Cer-cer (%)	4 (100.0)	522 (90.2)	P = 0.001; χ2 test
Cer-pol (%)	-	8 (1.4)
Met-pol (%)	-	49 (8.5)
Steroid
Yes (%)	1 (25.0)	14 (2.4)	P = 0.1; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	3 (75.0)	562 (97.6)
Immunosuppressants
Yes (%)	-	13 (2.3)	P = 0.1; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	4 (100.0)	564 (97.7)
Antiaggregant drugs
Yes (%)	1 (25.0)	116 (20.1)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	3 (75.0)	460 (79.9)
Local surgery before the operation
Yes (%)	-	66 (11.5)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	4 (100.0)	507 (88.5)
COPD
Yes (%)	-	78 (13.5)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	4 (100.0)	500 (86.5)
Chronic renal insufficiency
Yes (%)	1 (25.0)	20 (3.5)	P = 0.137; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	3 (75.0)	558 (96.5)
Preexisting heart ischemic conditions
Yes (%)	1 (25.0)	51 (8.8)	P = 0.313; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	3 (75.0)	527 (91.2)
Diabetes
Yes (%)	-	44 (7.6)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	4 (100.0)	533 (92.4)
Rheumatological conditions
Yes (%)	-	12 (2.1)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	4 (100.0)	565 (97.9)
Previously local septic conditions
Yes (%)	-	6 (1.0)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	4 (100.0)	571 (99.1)
Blood transfusion
Yes (%)	1 (25.0)	98 (16.9)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	3 (75.0)	468 (80.8)
Prosthesis fixation
Uncemented (%)	4 (100.0)	570 (98.4)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Cemented stem and uncemented cup (%)	-	9 (1.6)
Time of intervention
(07-12) (%)	4 (100.0)	442 (76.3)	P = 0.578; Fisher’s test
(12-19) (%)	0	137 (23.7)

Cer-Cer: Ceramic on ceramic; Cer-pol; Ceramic on polyethylene; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Cup: Met-pol: Metal on polyethylene.

Table 2 Blood values according to periprosthetic joint infection

	Infection (yes)				Infection (not)
	Pre	T1	T2	Last	Pre	T1	T2	Last
Hemoglobin	14.6	11.0	10.6	10.7	13.9	11.1	10.0	10.1
White blood cells	8177.5	7360.0	7257.5	7040.0	7192.5	9821.5	8997.6	7764.4

Data are means.