Intraosseous device for arthrodesis in foot and ankle surgery: Review of the literature and biomechanical properties

Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

No	Ref.	Joint arthrodesed	Number of joints	Follow up (mo)	Outcome
1	Segal et al[5], 2020	1st MTP joint	30	36	Mean postop AOFAS score: 80.5
2	Patel et al[6], 2019	1st MTP joint	54	12	Mean MOXFQ improved from 46.4 to 18.4
3	Singhal et al[7], 2018	1st MTP joint	21	28	Mean MOXFQ improved from 49.7 to 17.9
4	Drampalos et al[8], 2017	1st MTP joint	12	15	Mean AOFAS score improved from 29.4 to 73.3
5	Drampalos et al[9], 2016	1st MTP joint	23	19	Mean AOFAS score improved from 29 to 75.4
6	Shymon et al[10], 2016	Talonavicular	12	12	VAS pain level decreased from 7.3 to 2.1
7	Parker et al[11], 2014	Tibio talar joint	10 cadaveric		Higher forces within the arthrodesis (3.95 kg vs 2.35 kg) in IOFIX
8	Burchard et al[12], 2018	1st MTP joint	9 synthetic		Lower load to failure and less stiffness in IOFIX
9	Roth et al[13], 2014	1st MTP joint	7 cadaveric		Lesser cycles to failure in IOFIX

VAS: Visual analogue scale; MTP: Metatarsophalangeal.