Day case vs inpatient total shoulder arthroplasty: A retrospective cohort study and cost-effectiveness analysis

Table 1 Summary characteristics of study population

Characteristic	Day case	Inpatients	P value
n	18	41
Age [mean (SD)]	70.9 (11.1)	71.7 (8.53)	0.758
Male (%)	4 (22.2)	11 (26.8)	0.960
Right side (%)	10 (55.6)	27 (65.9)	0.645
Reverse (%)	15 (83.3)	34 (82.9)	1.000
Mean preoperative flexion [degrees (SD)]	43.2 (25.9)	57.9 (30.1)	0.079
Mean preoperative abduction [degrees (SD)]	52.6 (27.7)	53.9 (27.4)	0.883
Indications
Glenohumeral arthritis (%)	8 (44.4)	17 (41.4)	1.000
Rotator cuff tendonitis (%)	9 (50.0)	17 (41.4)	0.580
Rotator cuff tear (%)	10 (55.6)	13 (31.7)	0.146
Length of stay [median (IQR)]	N/A	2 d 6 h (27.6-78.4 h)

Note for indications, patients may have one or more pathologies. IQR: Interquartile range; N/A: Not available.

Table 2 Unadjusted changes in flexion, abduction and discharge rates at 3 mo postoperatively in day case and inpatient groups

Characteristic	Day case	Inpatients	P value
n	18	41
Post-op change in flexion (mean ± SD, degrees)	32.7 ± 52.1	48.6 ± 53.7	0.325
Post-op change in abduction (mean ± SD, degrees)	42.5 ± 47.8	33.2 ± 58.7	0.528

Table 3 Uni- and multi-variate analysis of postoperative range of motion differences

Explanatory variable	Univariate flexion (degrees)		Multivariate flexion (degrees)		Univariate abduction (degrees)		Multivariate abduction (degrees)
	Mean increase (95%CI)	P value	Mean increase (95%CI)	P value	Mean increase (95%CI)	P value	Mean increase (95%CI)	P value
Day case (vs inpatient)	15.9 (-16.2 to 48.0)	0.325	16.4 (-17.6 to 50.5)	0.337	9.33 (-20.1 to 38.8)	0.528	13.2 (-18.4 to 44.9)	0.405
Age (increasing)	0.50 (-1.11 to 2.12)	0.534	1.71 (-0.45 to 3.88)	0.118	1.05 (-0.40 to 2.50)	0.152	1.97 (-0.03 to 3.98)	0.054
Gender (male)	-3.30 (-30.9 to 37.5)	0.848	-11.7 (-25.4 to 48.9)	0.530	5.34 (-25.9 to 36.6)	0.733	7.68 (-26.8 to 42.2)	0.657
Laterality (right)	-29.3 (-59.1 to 0.56)	0.054	-36.7 (-70.4 to -3.08)	0.033	-7.44 (-35.5 to 20.6)	0.598	-17.3 (-48.6 to 13.9)	0.271
Reverse/anato-mical	-1.76 (-41.5 to 38.0)	0.930	-16.4 (-50.4 to 17.5)	0.337	9.05 (-27.1 to 45.2)	0.618	-9.10 (-56.9 to 38.7)	0.704
Glenohumeral arthritis	-13.8 (-43.6 to 15.9)	0.357	-18.8 (-52.4 to 14.8)	0.266	-9.04 (-36.3 to 18.3)	0.510	-17.5 (-48.6 to 13.7)	0.266
Cuff tendonitis	-0.08 (-30.11 to 29.96)	0.996	-9.93 (-48.1 to 28.2)	0.603	-7.66 (-35.0 to 19.7)	0.577	-20.2 (-55.6 to 15.2)	0.256
Cuff tear	8.66 (-21.83 to 39.15)	0.572	-5.67 (-43.1 to 31.7)	0.762	6.53 (-21.3 to 34.4)	0.641	-7.69 (-42.4 to 27.0)	0.658

CI: Confidence interval.