Adolescent Lisfranc injury treated with TightRopeTM: A case report and review of literature

Table 1 Myerson classification system

Incogruity	Subtype	Description
Type A: Complete	-	Dislocation of M1-M5 in the same direction (either lateral or dorsoplantar)
Type B: Incomplete	B1	Medial dislocation involving only the M1 joint
	B2	Lateral dislocation involving any of the M2-M4
Type C: Incomplete/Complete	C1	Divergent, incomplete dislocation involving M1 and some of the lateral metatarsals
	C2	Divergent, complete dislocation involving M1 and all of the lateral metatarsals

Table 2 Current literature dealing with Lisfranc injury in children/adolescents

Article	Type of study	No. of patients	Type of fixation	Result
Lisfranc Injury in Adolescents (Veijola et al[14], 2013)	Retrospective	6	ORIF	Good anatomical reduction, post-operative discomfort
Lisfranc injuries in children and adolescents (Hill et al[11], 2017)	Retrospective	56	ORIF (19); Conservatively (37)	Good post-operative results with rare complications (physeal arrest, broken implant)
Midfoot Degenerative Arthritis and Partial Fusion After Pediatric Lisfranc Fracture-Dislocation (Lesko et al[24], 2018)	Case report	1	ORIF	Functional pain and radiographic evidence of degenerative arthritis: 5-yr post-operatively
Pediatric Lisfranc injury: “bunk bed” fracture (Johnson[15], 1981)	Retrospective	16	-	Pathogenesis of Lisfranc injury
Plantar-flexion tarsometatarsal joint injuries in children (Buoncristiani et al[25], 2001)	Retrospective	8	Conservative	Early degenerative changes can occur and may be responsible for chronic pain and activity limitation
Tarso-metatarsal joint injuries in children (Wiley[26], 1981)	-	-	-	Pathogenesis of Lisfranc injury

ORIF: Open reduction and internal fixation.