Failed medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction: Causes and surgical strategies

Figure 8 This patient had a bilateral medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction for lateral patellar instability with no anatomical predisposing factors. The left knee has an anatomic femoral tunnel with an excellent clinical result. However, the right knee has a femoral tunnel that is too anterior and this fact is responsible for the non-physiological behavior of the graft. It is isometric from 0º to 120º of knee flexion. After anatomic MPFL reconstruction, the symptoms disappeared completely (Reproduced with permission from Springer). MPFL: Medial patellofemoral ligament.