Utility of arthroscopic guided synovial biopsy in understanding synovial tissue pathology in health and disease states

Figure 1 The normal synovium.

Figure 2 The synovium in rheumatoid arthritis. Note the villous appearance and straight vessels.

Figure 3 The synovium in psoriatic arthritis. Note the hypervascular villous hypertrophy and tortuous vessels.

Figure 4 The cartilage-pannus junction.

Figure 5 The normal (areolar) synovium.

Figure 6 Lymphoid follicles in rheumatoid arthritis.

Figure 7 Differential staining of synovial biopsy for T cells, tumour necrosis factor, B cells (CD22), and interleukin-6 in a patient with active rheumatoid arthritis prior to disease-modifying therapy. TNF: Tumour necrosis factor; IL: Interleukin.