Developments in diagnosis and treatment of paediatric septic arthritis

Figure 1 Radiograph images. A: Plain anteroposterior pelvic radiograph of a one-year-old boy with septic hip arthritis showing concomitant osteomyelitis of the proximal femur at the right side (arrow); B: T2 magnetic resonance imaging coronal view confirms joint effusion, suggestive of hip arthritis, and increased signal of the metaphysis, suggestive of osteomyelitis (arrow); C: Plain anteroposterior radiograph of the same boy after six months follow-up, which shows avascular necrosis of the femoral head.

Figure 2 T2 magnetic resonance imaging of a three-year-old girl with pyomyositis of the vastus lateralis at the right side (arrow). There is no excessive fluid in the hip joint space. A: Coronal view; B: Sagittal view.

Figure 3 Diagnostic and treatment algorithm for paediatric septic arthritis. CBC: Complete blood count; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP: C-reactive protein; WBC: White blood cell; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; IV: Intravenous.