Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Clin Oncol. Oct 10, 2016; 7(5): 406-413
Published online Oct 10, 2016. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v7.i5.406
Table 1 Patient sociodemographics
All patients (n = 1318)
Mean age, years (SD)45.0 (13.1)
Race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic White230 (17%)
African American131 (10%)
Hispanic888 (67%)
Other69 (5%)
Language, English591 (45%)
Mean age of menarche (SD)12.8 (1.88)
Mean pregnancies (SD)3.3 (2.32)
Mean live births (SD)2.7 (1.97)
Mean age of first live birth (SD)21.0 (4.43)
Education, years
6 or less286 (22%)
7-11340 (26%)
High school/equivalent324 (25%)
Some college368 (28%)
Adequate health literacy229 (17%)
Body mass index in kg/m2 (SD)29.3 (7.57)
Marital status - married555 (42%)
Employment, employed456 (35%)
Insurance status
Commercial60 (5%)
Medicare45 (3%)
Medicaid312 (24%)
None900 (68%)
Monthly income $US (SD)1099 (878.46)
Screening mammography (age ≥ 40 yr)253/899 (28%)
Pap smear in last 15 mo514 (39%)
Table 2 Patient factors associated with use of Pap-smear for cervical cancer screening
VariablesUnadjusted
Adjusted2
RateORP-value1ORP-value
Age (per year)45.17 ± 12.640.97 (0.96, 0.98)< 0.00010.97 (0.96, 0.99)< 0.0001
Non-Hispanic White race0.92 (0.68, 1.23)0.6029-
No429/1088
Yes86/230
Hispanic ethnicity1.16 (0.91, 1.47)0.2294-
No158/430
Yes357/888
Pregnancies (per pregnancy)3.31 ± 2.280.95 (0.90, 0.99)0.02771.07 (0.95, 1.20)0.2537
Live births (per birth)2.70 ± 1.950.91 (0.85, 0.96)0.00110.90 (0.77, 1.04)0.1556
Age of 1st live birth (per year)20.96 ± 4.421.05 (1.02, 1.07)0.00131.04 (1.01, 1.08)0.0121
Body mass index, kg/m2 (per unit)29.29 ± 7.570.988 (0.972, 1.003)0.1224-
Language1.09 (0.87, 1.36)0.4622-
English235/619
Other280/699
Education (per year)10.40 ± 3.801.05 (1.02, 1.08)0.00121.00 (0.96, 1.04)0.9472
Low HL368/10562.73 (2.04, 3.66)< 0.00012.05 (1.38, 3.03)0.0003
Adequate HL136/229
Married1.19 (0.95, 1.48)0.1375
No285/763-
Yes230/555
Menopausal0.42 (0.32, 0.54)< 0.00010.88 (0.58, 1.31)0.5192
No410/909
Post105/409
Employed1.39 (1.11, 1.76)0.00531.04 (0.78, 1.37)0.8023
No313/862
Yes202/456
Income (per $1000US/mo)1.10 ± 8.781.44 (1.26, 1.64)< 0.00011.29 (1.09, 1.51)0.0024
Insured141/4181.40 (1.10, 1.78)0.00761.22 (0.90, 1.65)0.1977
Uninsured374/900
Current smoker0.80 (0.60, 1.06)0.1211
No423/1054-
Yes92/264
Screening mammography1.46 (1.11, 1.92)0.00811.69 (1.22, 2.35)0.0018
No397/1064
Yes118/254
Primary care provider427/11823.24 (2.24, 4.70)< 0.00012.81 (1.84, 4.29)< 0.0001
Others gynecologist88/136