Copyright
©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Clin Oncol. Aug 10, 2014; 5(3): 283-298
Published online Aug 10, 2014. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v5.i3.283
Published online Aug 10, 2014. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v5.i3.283
Category | Assessment | Follow up |
0 | Need additional imaging evaluation | Additional imaging needed before a category can be assigned |
1 | Negative | Continue annual screening mammograms (women older than 40 yr) |
2 | Benign | Continue annual screening mammograms (women older than 40 yr) |
3 | Probably benign | Initial short term follow-up (usually six month) mammogram (< 2% chance of malignancy) |
4 | Suspicious abnormality | Biopsy should be considered (2%-95% chance of malignancy) |
5 | Highly suggestive of malignancy | Requires biopsy (> 95% chance of malignancy) |
6 | Known cancer | Biopsy-proven malignancy |
Primary tumor (T) | |
TX | Primary tumor cannot be assessed |
T0 | No evidence of primary tumor |
Tis | Carcinoma in situ |
Tis (DCIS) | Ductal carcinoma in situ |
Tis (LCIS) | Lobular carcinoma in situ |
Tis (Paget’s) | Paget’s disease of the nipple |
T1 | Tumor ≤ 20 mm in greatest dimension |
T1mi | Tumor ≤ 1 mm in greatest dimension |
T1a | Tumor > 1 mm but ≤ 5 mm in greatest dimension |
T1b | Tumor > 5 mm but ≤ 10 mm in greatest dimension |
T1c | Tumor > 10 mm but ≤ 20 mm in greatest dimension |
T2 | Tumor > 20 mm but ≤ 50 mm in greatest dimension |
T3 | Tumor > 50 mm in greatest dimension |
T4 | Tumor of any size with direct extension to the chest wall and/or to the skin (ulceration or skin nodules) |
T4a | Extension to the chest wall, not including only pectoralis muscle adherence/invasion |
T4b | Ulceration and/or ipsilateral satellite nodules and/or edema (including peau d’orange) of the skin, which do not meet the criteria for inflammatory carcinoma |
T4c | Both T4a and T4b |
T4d | Inflammatory carcinoma |
Regional lymph nodes (N) | |
NX | Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed (for example, previously removed) |
N0 | No regional lymph node metastases |
N1 | Metastases to movable ipsilateral level I, II axillary lymph node(s) |
N2 | Metastases in ipsilateral level I, II axillary lymph nodes that are clinically fixed or matted; or in clinically detected ipsilateral internal mammary nodes in the absence of clinically evident axillary lymph node metastases |
Metastases in ipsilateral level I, II axillary lymph nodes fixed to one another (matted) or to other structures | |
N2a | Metastases only in clinically detected ipsilateral internal mammary nodes and in the absence of clinically evident level I, II axillary lymph node metastases |
N2b | |
N3 | Metastases in ipsilateralinfraclavicular (level III axillary) lymph node(s) with or without level I, II axillary lymph node involvement; or in clinically detected ipsilateral internal mammary lymph node(s) with clinically evident level I, II axillary lymph node metastases; or metastases in ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node(s) with or without axillary or internal mammary lymph node involvement |
N3a | Metastases in ipsilateralinfraclavicular lymph node(s) |
N3b | Metastases in ipsilateral internal mammary lymph node(s) and axillary lymph node(s) |
N3c | Metastases in ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node(s) |
Distant metastases (M) | |
M0 | No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastases |
cM0(i +) | No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastases, but deposits of molecularly or microscopically detected tumor cells in circulating blood, bone marrow, or other nonregional nodal tissue that are no larger than 0.2 mm in a patient without symptoms or signs of metastases |
M1 | Distant detectable metastases as determined by classic clinical and radiographic means and/or histologically proven larger than 0.2 mm |
Stage 0 | Tis | N0 | M0 |
Stage IA | T1 | N0 | M0 |
Stage IB | T0 | N1mi | M0 |
T1 | N1mi | M0 | |
Stage IIA | T0 | N1 | M0 |
T1 | N1 | M0 | |
T2 | N0 | Mo | |
Stage IIB | T2 | N1 | M0 |
T3 | N0 | M0 | |
Stage IIIA | T0 | N2 | M0 |
T1 | N2 | M0 | |
T2 | N2 | M0 | |
T3 | N1 | M0 | |
T3 | N2 | M0 | |
Stage IIIB | T4 | N0 | M0 |
T4 | N1 | M0 | |
T4 | N2 | M0 | |
Stage IIIC | Any T | N3 | M0 |
Stage IV | Any T | Any N | M1 |
- Citation: Shah R, Rosso K, Nathanson SD. Pathogenesis, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. World J Clin Oncol 2014; 5(3): 283-298
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2218-4333/full/v5/i3/283.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v5.i3.283