Kanaji N, Watanabe N, Kita N, Bandoh S, Tadokoro A, Ishii T, Dobashi H, Matsunaga T. Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer. World J Clin Oncol 2014; 5(3): 197-223 [PMID: 25114839 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v5.i3.197]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Nobuhiro Kanaji, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan. kanaji@med.kagawa-u.ac.jp
Research Domain of This Article
Respiratory System
Article-Type of This Article
Topic Highlight
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Table 6 Criteria for the diagnosis of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes[93]
Definite PNS
A classical syndrome and cancer that develops within five years of the diagnosis of the neurological disorder
A non-classical syndrome that resolves or improves significantly after cancer treatment without concomitant immunotherapy, provided that the syndrome is not susceptible to spontaneous remission
A non-classical syndrome with onconeural antibodies (well characterized or not) and cancer that develops within five years of the diagnosis of the neurological disorder
A neurological syndrome (classical or not) with well-characterized onconeural antibodies and no cancer
Possible PNS
A classical syndrome, no onconeural antibodies, and no cancer, but a high risk of an underlying tumor
A neurological syndrome (classical or not) with partially characterized onconeural antibodies and no cancer
A non-classical syndrome, no onconeural antibodies, and cancer present within five years of the diagnosis
Table 7 Criteria for the diagnosis of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome
Clinical features
(1) Proximal muscle weakness
(2) Autonomic symptoms
(3) Reduced tendon reflexes
Anti-voltage-gated calcium channel antibodies
Repetitive nerve stimulation abnormalities
(1) Low compound muscle action potential
(2) Decrease > 10% at low frequency (1-5 Hz)
(3) Increase > 100% after maximum voluntary contraction or at high frequency (50 Hz)
Table 8 Paraneoplastic dermatologic syndromes and paraneoplastic rheumatologic syndromes associated with lung cancer
Paraneoplastic dermatologic syndromes associated with lung cancer
Polymyositis/dermatomyositis
Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica (Bazex syndrome)
Acanthosis nigricans
Tripe palms
The sign of Leser-Trélat
Erythema gyratum repens
Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis
Pityriasis rubra pilaris
Rhinophyma
Eosinophilic cellulitis
Herperiformis pemphigus
Hypertrichosis lanuginose acquisita
Erythema elevatum diutinum
Paraneoplastic rheumatologic syndromes associated with lung cancer
Polymyositis/dermatomyositis
Vasculitis
Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis
Henoch-Schönlein purpura
Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy
Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema
Polymyalgia rheumatica
Table 9 Criteria for the diagnosis of paraneoplastic glomerulopathy
No obvious alternative etiology other than malignancy
Existence of a time relationship between the diagnosis of glomerulopathy and malignancy
Clinical improvement after the complete surgical removal of the tumor or complete remission achieved by chemotherapy/radiotherapy
Deterioration of glomerulopathy associated with recurrence of the malignancy
Citation: Kanaji N, Watanabe N, Kita N, Bandoh S, Tadokoro A, Ishii T, Dobashi H, Matsunaga T. Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer. World J Clin Oncol 2014; 5(3): 197-223