A complete compilation of matrix metalloproteinase expression in human malignant gliomas

Table 1 The human matrix metalloproteinase family

MMP	Alternative names	Group	Substrates
MMP-1	Collagenase-1, interstitial collagenase, fibroblast collagenase, tissue collagenase	Collagenases	Aggrecan, collagen I,II, III, VII, VIII, X, XI, entactin/nidogen, fibronectin, gelatin I, IGFBPs, laminin, link protein, myelin basic, tenascin, vitronectin, α 1-AC, α 2-M, α1-PI, casein, C1q, fibrin, fibrinogen, IL1β, proTNFα, serpins
MMP-2	Gelatinase A, 72-kDa gelatinase, 72-kDa type IV collagenase, neutrophil gelatinase	Gelatinases	Aggrecan, collagen I, III, IV, V, VII, X, XI, decorin, elastin, entactin/nidogen, fibrillin, fibronectin, fibulins, gelatin I, IGFBPs, laminin, link protein, myelin basic, osteonectin, tenascin, vitronectin, α1-AC, α 1-PI, C1q, fibrin, fibrinogen, IL1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein 3, proTGF β, proTNF α, plasminogen, substance P, T kininogen
MMP-3	Stromelysin-1, transin-1, proteoglycanase, procollagenase activating protein	Stromelysins	Aggrecan, collagen III, IV, V, VII, IX, X, XI, decorin, elastin, entactin/nidogen, fibrillin, fibronectin, gelatin I, IGFBPs, laminin, link protein, myelin basic, osteonectin, tenascin, vitronectin, α1-AC, α 2-M, α 1-PI, casein, C1q, E-cadherin, fibrin, fibrinogen, IL1β, osteopontin, proTNF α, plasminogen, substance P
MMP-7	Matrilysin, matrin, PUMP1, small uterine metalloproteinase	Matrilysins	Aggrecan, collagen I, IV, decorin, elastin, entactin/nidogen, fibronectin, fibulins, gelatin I, laminin, link protein, myelin basic, osteonectin, tenascin, vitronectin, α 1-PI, casein, E-cadherin, fibrinogen, proTNF α, plasminogen, versican
MMP-8	Collagenase-2, neutrophil collagenase, PMN collagenase, granulocyte collagenase	Collagenases	Aggrecan, collagen I,II, III, IX, X, α 2-M, α 1-PI, C1q, E-cadherin, fibrinogen, laminin, serpins, substance P
MMP-9	Gelatinase B, 92-kDa gelatinase, 92-kDa type IV collagenase	Gelatinases	Aggrecan, collagen IV, V, VII, X, XI, XIV, decorin, elastin, fibrillin, gelatin I, laminin, link protein, myelin basic, osteonectin, vitronectin, α 2-M, α 1-PI, casein, C1q, fibrin, fibrinogen, IL1β, proTGF β, proTNF α, plasminogen, substance P
MMP-10	Stromelysin-2, transin-2	Stromelysins	Aggrecan, collagen III, IV, V, elastin, fibronectin, gelatin I, link protein, casein, fibrinogen, osteopontin
MMP-11	Stromelysin-3	Other MMPs	IGFBPs, α 2-M, α 1-PI, serpins
MMP-12	Metalloelastase, macrophage elastase, macrophage metalloelastase	Stromelysins	Aggrecan, collagen I, IV, elastin, entactin/nidogen, fibrillin, fibronectin, gelatin I, laminin, myelin basic, vitronectin, apolipoprotein A, α 2-M, α 1-PI, factor XII, fibrinogen, proTNF α, plasminogen
MMP-13	Collagenase-3	Collagenases	Aggrecan, collagen I,II, III, VI, IX, X, XIV, fibrillin, fibrin, fibronectin, gelatin I, laminin, osteonectin, α 2-M, casein, C1q, factor XII, fibrinogen, perlecan, pro-MMP2, serpins
MMP-14	MT1-MMP, MT-MMP1	Membrane-type MMPs	Aggrecan, collagen I,II, III, entactin/nidogen, fibrillin, fibronectin, gelatin I, laminin, vitronectin, α 2-M, α 1-PI, factor XII, fibrin, fibrinogen, proMMP2, proTNF α
MMP-15	MT2-MMP, MT-MMP2	Membrane-type MMPs	Aggrecan, fibronectin, laminin, nidogen, perlecan, tenascin
MMP-16	MT3-MMP, MT-MMP3	Membrane-type MMPs	Cartilage proteoglycans, casein, collagen III, fibronectin, gelatin, laminin, α 2-M
MMP-17	MT4-MMP, MT-MMP4	Membrane-type MMPs	Fibrin, fibrinogen, TNF precursor
MMP-19	RASI-1, MMP-18	Other MMPs	Aggrecan, collagen I, IV, fibronectin, gelatin I, laminin, nidogen, cartilage oligometric matrix protein, casein, tenascin
MMP-20	Enamelysin	Other MMPs	Amelogenin, aggrecan, cartilage oligometric matrix protein
MMP-21	Homologue of Xenopus XMMP	Other MMPs	ND
MMP-23	Cysteine array MMP (CA-MMP), femalysin, MIFR, MMP-21/MMP-22, MMP-23A/MMP-23B1	Other MMPs	McaPLGLDpaARNH 2 (synthetic MMP substrate)
MMP-24	MT5-MMP, MT-MMP5	Membrane-type MMPs	Proteoglycans
MMP-25	MT6-MMP, MT-MMP6, leukolysin	Membrane-type MMPs	Collagen IV, gelatin, fibrin, fibronectin
MMP-26	Endometase, matrilysin-2	Matrilysins	Collagen IV, fibronectin, gelatin I, α 1-PI, fibrinogen, TACE substrates
MMP-27		Other MMPs	ND
MMP-28	Epilysin	Other MMPs	Casein

¹The amino acid sequences of MMP23A and MMP23B are almost identical, but are encoded by distinct genes[22,23]. α 1-AC: α 1-antichymotrypsin; α 2-M: α 2-macroglobulin; α 1-PI: α 1-proteinase inhibitor; ND: No data available; TACE: TNF α converting enzyme; MMP: Matrix metalloproteinases.

Table 2 Matrix metalloproteinases expression in glioblastoma cell-lines

	SNB-19	GaMG	U251	U87	U373	U343	U138	A172	T98G	References
MMP-1	+	+	+	+/-	+	+	+	-	+	[10,63,64,67,71,72,77]
MMP-2	+	+	+/-	+	+	-	+	+	+	[10,56,63-65,67-69,71-73,76]
MMP-3	+	-	+	+/-	+/-		+/-	-	+	[51,64,67,68,71,72]
MMP-7	+	-	+	+ / -	+		+/-	-	+/-	[10,13,64,67,68,71,73,76]
MMP-8	-	-	+ / -	-	-	-	-		-	[67,71,76,77]
MMP-9	+/-	+	+ / -	+ / -	+/-	-	-	+/-	+/-	[13,63,64,67,68,72,73,77]
MMP-10	+	+	+	-	+	+	+		-	[67,71,76,77]
MMP-11	-	+	+/-	-	+/-	+	+		+/-	[10,67,71,77]
MMP-12	+	-	+ / -	+	-		+/-		-	[67,68,71,73]
MMP-13	+	+	+	+	+	+	+		+	[67,71,76,77]
MMP-14	+		+	+/-	+/-	+	+	-	+	[10,56,64,66,67,69,71-74,76]
MMP-15			+	+/-	+/-	+			+	[10,66,67,71,74]
MMP-16			+/-	+	-	-			+	[10,66,67,71,74,76]
MMP-17	+	+	+	+	+	+	+			[71,77]
MMP-19	+	+	+	+	+	+	+			[71,77]
MMP-20	-	-	-	-	-	-	-			[71,77]
MMP-21	-	-	-	-	-	-	-			[71,77]
MMP-23	+	-	+	+	+	+	+			[71,77]
MMP-24	+	+	+	+	+	+	+			[71,74,77]
MMP-25			-	-	-	-				[71]
MMP-26	-	-	+/-	-	-	-	-			[71,75,77]
MMP-27	-	-	+/-	-	-	-	-			[71,77]
MMP-28	+	-	+	-	+	+	-			[71,77]

MMP: Matrix metalloproteinases; +: Expressed; -: Not expressed; +/-: Controversely discussed.