Pretreatment radiomic imaging features combined with immunological indicators to predict targeted combination immunotherapy response in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Clinical and pathologic characteristics in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, n (%)

Clinicopathologic variable	Positive	Negative	P value
Sex
Male	24 (42.9)	15 (26.8)	0.315
Female	8 (14.3)	9 (16.1)
Age	55.18 ± 10.51	54.91 ± 8.25	0.154
BMI	22.56 ± 3.63	23.06 ± 3.03	0.585
AFP	3941.72 ± 16289.44	8512.91 ± 25755.92	0.124
APTT	12.72 ± 1.70	13.35 ± 2.60	0.107
TBil	16.68 ± 9.08	16.77 ± 11.09	0.689
ALB	35.98 ± 5.95	36.07 ± 5.17	0.780
AST	81.80 ± 95.81	62.92 ± 49.07	0.204
ALT	67.83 ± 99.19	62.30 ± 59.86	0.685
Tumor diameter	4.88 ± 3.14	5.76 ± 2.74	0.651
Cirrhosis
Yes	27 (48.2)	18 (32.1)	0.384
No	5 (8.9)	6 (10.7)
ECOG score
0	17 (30.4)	12 (21.4)	0.893
1	13 (23.2)	11 (19.6)
2	2 (3.6)	1 (1.8)
Child-Pugh score
A	1 (1.8)	0 (0)	0.408
B	26 (46.4)	18 (32.1)
C	5 (8.9)	6 (10.7)
BCLC score
A	1 (1.8)	1 (1.8)	0.070
B	8 (14.3)	13 (23.2)
C	23 (40.2)	10 (17.9)
Portal hypertension
Yes	16 (28.6)	12 (21.4)	1.000
No	16 (28.6)	12 (21.4)

BMI: Body mass index; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; APTT: Activated partial thromboplastin time; TBil: Total bilirubin; ALB: Albumin; AST: Aspartate transaminase; ALT: Alanine transaminase; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer.

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analyses of factors predicting therapeutic efficacy (n = 56)

Clinicopathologic variable	OR	95%CI	P value
Univariate analysis
Age	5.308	0.594-47.429	0.135
HBV infection	2.280	0.675-7.705	0.185
AFP	1.000	1.000-1.000	0.433
Vascular invasion	0.680	0.231-2.001	0.484
Ascites	0.918	0.315-2.679	0.876
RER	0.029	0.006-0.128	0.000a
ALBI	1.400	0.070-28.120	0.826
NLR	26.600	6.314-112.054	0.000a
PLR	7.222	2.148-24.288	0.001a
PNI	3.667	1.108-12.137	0.033a
Multivariate analysis
NLR group (< 5 vs ≥ 5)	21.765	1.231-384.877	0.036a
PLR group (< 300 vs ≥ 300)	33.857	1.261-909.284	0.036a
PNI group (< 45 vs ≥ 45)	73.367	1.362-3951.454	0.035a
RER group (< 9 vs ≥ 9)	187.23	2.007-17464.635	0.024a

^aP < 0.05. OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; RER: Relative enhancement ratio; ALBI: Albumin-bilirubin; NLR: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; PLR: Platelet to lymphocyte ratio; PNI: Prognostic nutrition index.