Review of the mechanisms of the biliary-enteric axis in the development of cholangiocarcinoma

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Apr 24, 2025 (publication date) through Mar 29, 2025

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology

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2218-4333

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Clin Oncol. Apr 24, 2025; 16(4): 102374
Published online Apr 24, 2025. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v16.i4.102374

Table 1 Bacterial groups involved in bile acid metabolism in the human gut

Bacterial group	Enzymatic	Substrate	Product
C. scindens, Clostridium hylemonae, Holdemania filiformis, Methanosphaera, Olsenella	C12 oxidation or differential isomerization (epitope pathway)	Cholic acid, deoxycholic acid	12-OxoCDCA, 12-OxoLCA, epiCA
P. hiranonis, C. leptum, Proteocatella sphenisci, Faecalicatena contorta	C7- dehydroxylation	Ursodeoxycholic acid, goose deoxycholic acid, cholic acid	Lithocholic acid, deoxycholic acid
Clostridium sporogenes, C. paraputrificum, Clostridium sordellii	C3- dehydroxylation	3-sulfocholic acid	Iso Lithocholic acid
Bacteroides spp, R. gnavus	C12- dehydroxylation	Cholic acid, deoxycholic acid	CDCA from CA, LCA from DCA
C.hylemonae, Parabacteroides spp, Holdmania hathewayi, Alistipes spp	Heterogenic bile acid pathway	Lithocholic acid, deoxycholic acid, isoDCA, isoLCA	AlloDCA, isoDCA, alloLCA, isoDCA

Citation: Shen TH, Yu X, Zhou C, Liu Y, Li QY, Li W, Jiang TH, Zhu YQ, Liu Y. Review of the mechanisms of the biliary-enteric axis in the development of cholangiocarcinoma. World J Clin Oncol 2025; 16(4): 102374
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2218-4333/full/v16/i4/102374.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v16.i4.102374