Neoadjuvant immunotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer: Times are changing—and fast

Table 1 Main phase 3 trials evaluating neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer

Neoadjuvant NSCLC
Study	IO agent	Strategy	Objective	Status
CheckMate-816[1]	Nivolumab (anti-PD1)	ChT + IO	EFS and pCR	FDA approved
Impower-030[4]	Atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1)	ChT + IO	PFS and OS	Completed. Results pending
KeyNote-671[5]	Pembrolizumab (anti-PD1)	ChT + IO	EFS and OS	Active, not recruiting
Aegean[6]	Durvalumab (anti-PD-L1)	ChT+ IO	pCR and EFS	Recruiting

IO: Immunotherapy; ChT: Chemotherapy; EFS: Event-free survival; pCR: Pathologic complete response; PFS: Progression-free survival; OS: Overall survival; FDA, Food and Drug Administration; NSCLC: Non-small-cell lung cancer.

Table 2 Main phase 3 trials evaluating adjuvant immunotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer

Adjuvant NSCLC
Study	IO agent	Strategy	Objective	Status
Impower-010[7]	Atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1)	IO mono	OS in selected PD-L1 population	FDA approved in II-IIIA NSCLC PD-L1+
KeyNote-091 (PEARLS)[8]	Pembrolizumab (anti-PD-L1)	IO mono	DFS	Interim analysis: positive in IB-IIIA NSCLC all corners
ANVIL[9]	Nivolumab (anti-PD1)	IO mono	OS and DFS	Active, not recruiting
NADIM-Adjuvant[10]	Nivolumab (anti-PD-1)	ChT + IO	DFS	Recruiting
Mermaid-1[11]	Durvalumab (anti-PD-L1)	ChT + IO	DFS in MRD+	Recruiting

IO: immunotherapy; mono: monotherapy; OS: overall survival; NSCLC: non-small-cell lung cancer; DFS: disease-free survival; ChT: chemotherapy; MRD: minimal residual disease; FDA, Food and Drug Administration; NSCLC: Non-small-cell lung cancer.