Stereotactic body radiation therapy for non-small cell lung cancer: A review

Table 1 Study characteristics and tumor control results

Study	No.	F/u (median)	Age (median)	Loc	Stage	Dose/fx	OS	LC	RC	DC
Miyakawa et al[20], 2017	71	44	77	C + P	T1-2N0M0	48-52 Gy/ 4 fx	5-yr 65%	5-yr 85%	NA	NA
Sun et al[80], 2017	65	86	71	C + P	T1-2N0M0	50 Gy/4 fx	7-yr 48%	7-yr 92%	7-yr 86%	7-yr 86%
Singh et al[22], 2017, I-124407	98	27	NA	P	T1-2N0M0	30 Gy/1 fx and 60 Gy/3fx	2-yr 71% (30 Gy)	NA	NA	NA
							2-yr 61% (60 Gy)
Bezjak et al[24], 2016, RTOG 0813	71	33 (57.5 Gy)	NA	C	T1-2N0M0	57.5-60 Gy/5 fx	2-yr 70% (57.5 Gy)	2-yr 90% (57.5 Gy)	2-yr 95% (57.5 Gy)	2-yr 84% (57.5 Gy)
		30 (60 Gy)					2-yr 88% (60 Gy)	2-yr 88% (60 Gy)	2-yr 88% (60 Gy)	2-yr 85% (60 Gy)
Navarro-Martin et al[11], 2016	38	42	74	P	T1-3N0M0	54 Gy/3 fx	3-yr 66%	3-yr 94%	3-yr 79%	3-yr 87%
Nyman et al[14], 2016, SPACE	102	37	74 (mean)	P	T1-2N0M0	66 Gy/3 fx	3-yr 54%	3-yr 86%	3-yr 93%	3-yr 76%
Chang et al[15], 2015, STARS and ROSEL	31	40	67	C + P	T1-2N0M0	54 Gy/3 fx, 50 Gy/4 fx, 60 Gy/5 fx	3-yr 95%	3-yr 96%	3-yr 90%	3-yr 97%
Lindberg et al[19], 2015	57	42	75 (mean)	P	T1-2N0M0	45 Gy/3 fx	5-yr 30%	5-yr 79%	3-yr 81% for regional/distant control	NA
Nagata et al[12], 2015, JCOG 0403	169	47 (inop)	78	NA	T1N0M0	48 Gy/4 fx	3-yr 60%	3-yr 87% (inop)	3-yr 92% (inop)	3-yr 78% (inop)
		67 (op)					5-yr 43% (inop)	3-yr 85% (op)	3-yr 75% (op)	3-yr 67% (op)
							3-yr 77%
							5-yr 54% (op)
Shibamoto et al[6], 2015	180	53	77	C + P	T1-2N0M0	44-52 Gy /4 fx	5-yr 52%	5-y 83%	5-yr 84%	5-yr 76%
Videtic et al[13], 2015, RTOG 0915	94	30	75	P	T1-2N0M0	34 Gy/1 fx and 48 Gy/4 fx	3-yr 56%	3-yr 98%	NA	NA
Timmerman et al[18], 2014, RTOG 0236	55	48	72	P	T1-2N0M0	54 Gy/3 fx	5-yr 40%	5-yr 80%	5-yr 62% (local-regional control)	5-yr 79%
Taremi et al[26], 2012	108	19	73 (mean)	C + P	T1-2N0M0	48 Gy/4 fx or 54-60 Gy/3 fx (P)	4-yr 30%	4-yr 89%	4-yr 87%	4-yr 83%
						50-60 Gy /8-10 fx (C)
Bral et al[46], 2011	40	16	73 (mean)	C + P	T1-3N0M0	60 Gy/3-4 fx	2-yr 52%	2-yr 84%	2 nodal recurrences	6 distant recurrences
Ricardi et al[16], 2010	62	28	74	P	Stage I	45 Gy/3 fx	3-yr 57%	3-yr 88%	3-yr 94%	3-yr 76%
Fakiris et al[17], 2009	70	50	70	C + P	T1-2N0M0	60-66 Gy/ 3 fx	3-yr 43%	3-yr 88%	3-yr 91%	3-yr 87%
Koto et al[10], 2007	31	32	77	C + P	T1-2N0M0	45 Gy/3 fx or 60 Gy/8 fx	3-yr 72%	3-yr 78% (T1)	3-yr 94%	3-yr 81%
								3-yr 40% (T2)
McGarry et al[7], 2005	47	27 (Stage IA)	71 (Stage IA)	C + P	T1-2N0M0	24-72 Gy/ 3 fx	NA	2-yr 81%	2-yr 81%	2-yr 79%
		19 (Stage IB)	74 (Stage IB)
Nagata et al[8], 2005	45	30 (Stage IA)	77 (Stage IA)	C + P	T1-2N0M0	48 Gy/4 fx	2-yr 90% (Stage IA)	1-yr 100%	2-yr 91%	2-yr 88% (Stage IA)
		22 (Stage IB)	73 (Stage IB)				2-yr 72% (Stage IB)			2-yr 77% (Stage IB)

No.: Number of patients treated with SBRT; F/u: Follow up in months; Loc: Tumor location; P: Peripheral; C: Central; Dose/fx: Total dose/fraction; OS: Overall survival; LC: Local control; RC: Regional control; DC: Distant control; Inop: Medically inoperable; Op: Medically operable; NA: Not available; RTOG: Radiation therapy oncology group; JCOG: Japan clinical oncology group.

Table 2 Toxicity results

Study	Grade 3 + toxicity	Reported adverse events
Miyakawa et al[20], 2017	Grade 3-5, 5.6%	Radiation pneumonitis
Sun et al[80], 2017	Grade 3, 5%	Dermatitis, radiation pneumonitis, chest wall pain
Singh et al[22], 2017, I-124407	Grade 3, 30%	NA
Bezjak et al[24], 2016, RTOG 0813	Grade 3-5, 16%-21%	Respiratory and cardiac toxicities, esophageal perforation, pulmonary hemorrhage
Navarro-Martin et al[11], 2016	Grade 3, 10%	Cough, dyspnea, dermatitis
Nyman et al[14], 2016, SPACE	Grade 3, 14%	Dyspnea, cough, skin reactions
Chang et al[15], 2015, STARS and ROSEL	Grade 3, 10%	Chest wall pain, cough, fatigue, rib fracture
Lindberg et al[19], 2015	Grade 3-4, 30%	Rib fracture, dyspnea, ventricle tachycardia, cough, fatigue, fibrosis, lung infection, pain, pericardial effusion
		Inop: Dyspnea, hypoxia, pneumonitis, chest pain, cough
Nagata et al[12], 2015, JCOG 0403	Grade 3-4, 13% (inop) Grade 3, 6% (op)	Op: Dyspnea, hypoxia, pneumonitis, chest pain
Shibamoto et al[6], 2015	Grade 3, < 10%	Radiation pneumonitis, pleural effusion, esophagitis, rib fracture, dermatitis
Videtic et al[13], 2015, RTOG 0915	Grade 3-5, 12%	DLCO changes, pneumonitis, PFT changes, 2 treatment-related deaths
Timmerman et al[18], 2014, RTOG 0236	Grade 3-4, 31%	Hypocalcemia, hypoxia, pneumonitis, PFT decreased
Taremi et al[26], 2012	Grade 3, 11%	Fatigue, cough, chest wall pain, rib fracture
Bral et al[46], 2011	Grade 3, 20%	Pneumonitis, cough
Ricardi et al[16], 2010	Grade 3-4, 3%	Radiation pneumonitis
Fakiris et al[17], 2009	Grade 3-5, 16%	Apnea, pneumonia, pleural effusion, hemoptysis, respiratory failure, skin erythema
Koto et al[10], 2007	Grade 3, 3%	Pneumonitis
McGarry et al[7], 2005	Grade 3-4, 15%	Pneumonitis, hypoxia, dermatitis, pericardial effusion, tracheal necrosis
Nagata et al[8], 2005	None	None

RTOG: Radiation therapy oncology group; JCOG: Japan clinical oncology group; Inop: Medically inoperable; Op: Medically operable; DLCO: Diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide; PFT: Pulmonary function test.