Interventional endoscopic ultrasonography for pancreatic cancer

Figure 1 Endoscopic ultrasonography biliary drainage using the rendezvous technique. A: Intrahepatic approach: fluoroscopic image of the wire crossing the hilar stricture and advancing into the duodenum; B, C: Subsequent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with bile duct access and plastic stent placement.

Figure 2 Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided choledochoduodenostomy. A: Cholangiography after puncture of extrahepatic bile duct by needle knife; B: Plastic stent was inserted from duodenum into extrahepatic bile duct.

Figure 3 Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided hepaticogastrostomy. A: Cholangiography after puncture of intrahepatic bile duct by 19G fine needle. B: Plastic stent was inserted from stomach into intrahepatic bile duct.

Figure 4 Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided celiac plexus neurolysis. A: At first, we visualize the celiac trunk by linear array echoendoscope; B: Endoscopic ultrasonography image during ethanol injection.