Low testing rates and high BRCA prevalence: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor use in Middle East BRCA/homologous recombination deficiency-positive cancer patients

Figure 1 Distribution of breast cancer gene mutations and homologous recombination deficiency in breast and ovarian cancers. Among breast cancer patients, 17.7% (10/57) harbored pathogenic mutations in germline BRCA1 (gBRCA1), while 8.7% (5/57) had mutations in gBRCA2. In the ovarian cancer group, 8% (2/25) of patients had gBRCA1 mutations, 4% (1/25) had gBRCA2 mutations, and 12% (3/25) had homologous recombination deficiency.

Figure 2 Breast and ovarian cancer distribution based on mutation status and ethnicity. A higher percentage of breast cancer (n = 57), both germline BRCA (gBRCA)-positive and gBRCA-negative, was found in Middle Eastern patients excluding United Arab Emirates nationals. Conversely, a higher percentage of ovarian cancer (n = 25), both homologous recombination deficiency HRD-positive and HRD-negative, was found in Asian patients.

Figure 3 Response status to chemotherapy of breast and ovarian cancers with and without mutations. Homologous recombination-deficient (HRD) ovarian cancer (n = 6) had a higher percentage of complete remission (3/6) than cancer not HRD (3/19). While germline BRCA gene non-mutated breast cancer (n = 42) patients showed a slightly higher complete response rate (19/42), the overall treatment response remained similar in both mutated and non-mutated groups.